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Peroxynitrite toxicity in Escherichia coli K12 elicits expression of oxidative stress responses and protein nitration and nitrosylation

Peroxynitrite toxicity in Escherichia coli K12 elicits expression of oxidative stress responses and protein nitration and nitrosylation
Peroxynitrite toxicity in Escherichia coli K12 elicits expression of oxidative stress responses and protein nitration and nitrosylation
Peroxynitrite is formed in macrophages by the diffusion-limited reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide. This highly reactive species is thought to contribute to bacterial killing by interaction with diverse targets and nitration of protein tyrosines. This work presents for the first time a comprehensive analysis of transcriptional responses to peroxynitrite under tightly controlled chemostat growth conditions. Up-regulation of the cysteine biosynthesis pathway and an increase in S-nitrosothiol levels suggest S-nitrosylation to be a consequence of peroxynitrite exposure. Genes involved in the assembly/repair of iron-sulfur clusters also show enhanced transcription. Unexpectedly, arginine biosynthesis gene transcription levels were also elevated after treatment with peroxynitrite. Analysis of the negative regulator for these genes, ArgR, showed that post-translational nitration of tyrosine residues within this protein is responsible for its degradation in vitro. Further up-regulation was seen in oxidative stress response genes, including katG and ahpCF. However, genes known to be up-regulated by nitric oxide and nitrosating agents (e.g. hmp and norVW) were unaffected. Probabilistic modeling of the transcriptomic data identified five altered transcription factors in response to peroxynitrite exposure, including OxyR and ArgR. Hydrogen peroxide can be present as a contaminant in commercially available peroxynitrite preparations. Transcriptomic analysis of cells treated with hydrogen peroxide alone also revealed up-regulation of oxidative stress response genes but not of many other genes that are up-regulated by peroxynitrite. Thus, the cellular responses to peroxynitrite and hydrogen peroxide are distinct.
0021-9258
20724-20731
McLean, Samantha
89e7b00c-5dd8-4101-9f4c-242883e91ffa
Bowman, Lesley A.H.
22f1b3c0-f774-4fb6-a1d1-66e098d85be4
Sanguinetti, Guido
da9b015b-8a80-4f4c-a625-2276b3520f8c
Read, Robert C.
b5caca7b-0063-438a-b703-7ecbb6fc2b51
Poole, Robert K.
5f1f3b79-cf45-4ae6-89cd-e4259c03ae56
McLean, Samantha
89e7b00c-5dd8-4101-9f4c-242883e91ffa
Bowman, Lesley A.H.
22f1b3c0-f774-4fb6-a1d1-66e098d85be4
Sanguinetti, Guido
da9b015b-8a80-4f4c-a625-2276b3520f8c
Read, Robert C.
b5caca7b-0063-438a-b703-7ecbb6fc2b51
Poole, Robert K.
5f1f3b79-cf45-4ae6-89cd-e4259c03ae56

McLean, Samantha, Bowman, Lesley A.H., Sanguinetti, Guido, Read, Robert C. and Poole, Robert K. (2010) Peroxynitrite toxicity in Escherichia coli K12 elicits expression of oxidative stress responses and protein nitration and nitrosylation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285 (27), 20724-20731. (doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.085506). (PMID:20427277)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Peroxynitrite is formed in macrophages by the diffusion-limited reaction of superoxide and nitric oxide. This highly reactive species is thought to contribute to bacterial killing by interaction with diverse targets and nitration of protein tyrosines. This work presents for the first time a comprehensive analysis of transcriptional responses to peroxynitrite under tightly controlled chemostat growth conditions. Up-regulation of the cysteine biosynthesis pathway and an increase in S-nitrosothiol levels suggest S-nitrosylation to be a consequence of peroxynitrite exposure. Genes involved in the assembly/repair of iron-sulfur clusters also show enhanced transcription. Unexpectedly, arginine biosynthesis gene transcription levels were also elevated after treatment with peroxynitrite. Analysis of the negative regulator for these genes, ArgR, showed that post-translational nitration of tyrosine residues within this protein is responsible for its degradation in vitro. Further up-regulation was seen in oxidative stress response genes, including katG and ahpCF. However, genes known to be up-regulated by nitric oxide and nitrosating agents (e.g. hmp and norVW) were unaffected. Probabilistic modeling of the transcriptomic data identified five altered transcription factors in response to peroxynitrite exposure, including OxyR and ArgR. Hydrogen peroxide can be present as a contaminant in commercially available peroxynitrite preparations. Transcriptomic analysis of cells treated with hydrogen peroxide alone also revealed up-regulation of oxidative stress response genes but not of many other genes that are up-regulated by peroxynitrite. Thus, the cellular responses to peroxynitrite and hydrogen peroxide are distinct.

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More information

e-pub ahead of print date: April 2010
Published date: July 2010
Organisations: Clinical & Experimental Sciences

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 346789
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/346789
ISSN: 0021-9258
PURE UUID: 37325369-2ba6-4e37-8726-f4e837bb0e3a
ORCID for Robert C. Read: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-6728

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Date deposited: 09 Jan 2013 15:04
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:42

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Contributors

Author: Samantha McLean
Author: Lesley A.H. Bowman
Author: Guido Sanguinetti
Author: Robert C. Read ORCID iD
Author: Robert K. Poole

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