Near-surface measurements of sea spray aerosol production over whitecaps in the open ocean
Near-surface measurements of sea spray aerosol production over whitecaps in the open ocean
Simultaneous measurements of near-surface aerosol (0.12 < R < 9.25 ?m) and bubble spectra (13 < R < 620 ?m) were made during five buoy deployments in the open ocean of the North Atlantic and used to estimate aerosol fluxes per unit area of whitecap. The measurements were made during two cruises as part of the Sea Spray, Gas Flux, and Whitecaps (SEASAW) project, a UK contribution to the international Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) program. The mean bubble number concentrations for each deployment are in broad agreement with other open ocean spectra and are consistently one to two orders of magnitude lower than surf zone studies. Production fluxes per unit area of whitecap are estimated from the mean aerosol concentration for each buoy deployment. They are found to increase with wind speed, and span the range of values found by previous laboratory and surf-zone studies for particles with radius at 80% relative humidity, R80 < 1 ?m, but to drop off more rapidly with increasing particle size for larger particles. Estimates of the mean sea spray flux were made by scaling the whitecap production fluxes with in situ estimates of whitecap fraction. The sea spray fluxes are also compared with simultaneous individual eddy covariance flux estimates, and with a sea spray source function derived from them.
133-145
Norris, S.J.
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Brooks, I.M.
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Moat, B.I.
497dbb18-a98f-466b-b459-aa2c872ad2dc
Yelland, M.J.
3b2e2a38-334f-430f-b110-253a0a835a07
de Leeuw, G.
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Brooks, B.
e656e999-35fa-413f-8824-6baa587a6baa
2013
Norris, S.J.
f97ad34b-2db3-4a7b-8b88-58b51fbd9a9c
Brooks, I.M.
e1e4e3cb-8165-40f2-900b-81ff12bc1de2
Moat, B.I.
497dbb18-a98f-466b-b459-aa2c872ad2dc
Yelland, M.J.
3b2e2a38-334f-430f-b110-253a0a835a07
de Leeuw, G.
2b1ab134-e352-40f2-bfa2-31d9cab699a3
Brooks, B.
e656e999-35fa-413f-8824-6baa587a6baa
Norris, S.J., Brooks, I.M., Moat, B.I., Yelland, M.J., de Leeuw, G. and Brooks, B.
(2013)
Near-surface measurements of sea spray aerosol production over whitecaps in the open ocean.
Ocean Science, 9, .
(doi:10.5194/os-9-133-2013).
Abstract
Simultaneous measurements of near-surface aerosol (0.12 < R < 9.25 ?m) and bubble spectra (13 < R < 620 ?m) were made during five buoy deployments in the open ocean of the North Atlantic and used to estimate aerosol fluxes per unit area of whitecap. The measurements were made during two cruises as part of the Sea Spray, Gas Flux, and Whitecaps (SEASAW) project, a UK contribution to the international Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) program. The mean bubble number concentrations for each deployment are in broad agreement with other open ocean spectra and are consistently one to two orders of magnitude lower than surf zone studies. Production fluxes per unit area of whitecap are estimated from the mean aerosol concentration for each buoy deployment. They are found to increase with wind speed, and span the range of values found by previous laboratory and surf-zone studies for particles with radius at 80% relative humidity, R80 < 1 ?m, but to drop off more rapidly with increasing particle size for larger particles. Estimates of the mean sea spray flux were made by scaling the whitecap production fluxes with in situ estimates of whitecap fraction. The sea spray fluxes are also compared with simultaneous individual eddy covariance flux estimates, and with a sea spray source function derived from them.
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Published date: 2013
Organisations:
Ocean Technology and Engineering, Marine Physics and Ocean Climate
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 348786
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/348786
ISSN: 1812-0792
PURE UUID: 02a0ace5-5544-4619-90d4-1d68067a2964
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Date deposited: 19 Feb 2013 13:35
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 13:04
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Contributors
Author:
S.J. Norris
Author:
I.M. Brooks
Author:
B.I. Moat
Author:
M.J. Yelland
Author:
G. de Leeuw
Author:
B. Brooks
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