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Long chain fatty acids and gene expression in inflammation and immunity

Long chain fatty acids and gene expression in inflammation and immunity
Long chain fatty acids and gene expression in inflammation and immunity
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to discuss recent studies reporting on the influence of fatty acids on gene expression in relation to inflammation and immune responses.

RECENT FINDINGS: Saturated fatty acids promote, whereas several n-3 fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, some isomers of conjugated linoleic acid, and punicic acid suppress, expression of inflammatory genes. The most common targets of fatty acids are genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, cyclooxygenase, nitric oxide synthase, and matrix metalloproteinases. The anti-inflammatory actions of fatty acids often involve inhibition of activation of nuclear factor-?B and activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ? and ?. Common upstream events include actions on Toll-like receptors and via G-protein coupled receptors. Fatty acids can influence expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory cell development and differentiation. Recent studies using genome-wide analyses demonstrate that dietary fatty acids can alter expression of a large number (many hundreds) of genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

SUMMARY: A wide range of fatty acids alter expression of genes involved in development, differentiation, and function of cells involved in inflammation and immunity.

1363-1950
425-433
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6

Calder, Philip C. (2013) Long chain fatty acids and gene expression in inflammation and immunity. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 16 (4), 425-433. (doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283620616). (PMID:23657154)

Record type: Review

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to discuss recent studies reporting on the influence of fatty acids on gene expression in relation to inflammation and immune responses.

RECENT FINDINGS: Saturated fatty acids promote, whereas several n-3 fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, some isomers of conjugated linoleic acid, and punicic acid suppress, expression of inflammatory genes. The most common targets of fatty acids are genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, cyclooxygenase, nitric oxide synthase, and matrix metalloproteinases. The anti-inflammatory actions of fatty acids often involve inhibition of activation of nuclear factor-?B and activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ? and ?. Common upstream events include actions on Toll-like receptors and via G-protein coupled receptors. Fatty acids can influence expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory cell development and differentiation. Recent studies using genome-wide analyses demonstrate that dietary fatty acids can alter expression of a large number (many hundreds) of genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

SUMMARY: A wide range of fatty acids alter expression of genes involved in development, differentiation, and function of cells involved in inflammation and immunity.

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More information

Published date: July 2013
Organisations: Human Development & Health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 354240
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/354240
ISSN: 1363-1950
PURE UUID: aaca9071-4656-44b5-93ef-b82b8bc333f7
ORCID for Philip C. Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 04 Jul 2013 15:14
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 02:50

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