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A G matrix analogue to capture the cumulative effects of nongenetic inheritance

A G matrix analogue to capture the cumulative effects of nongenetic inheritance
A G matrix analogue to capture the cumulative effects of nongenetic inheritance
The genetic variance-covariance (G) matrix describes the variances and covariances of genetic traits under strict genetic inheritance. Genetically expressed traits often influence trait expression in another via nongenetic forms of transmission and inheritance, however. The importance of non-genetic influences on phenotypic evolution is increasingly clear, but how genetic and nongenetic inheritance interact to determine the response to selection is not well understood. Here, we use the ‘reachability matrix’ – a key analytical tool of geometric control theory – to integrate both forms of inheritance, capturing how the consequences of generation-lagged maternal effects accumulate. Building on the classic Lande and Kirkpatrick model that showed how nongenetic (maternal) inheritance fundamentally alters the expected path of phenotypic evolution, we make novel inferences through decomposition of the reachability matrix. In particular, we quantify how nongenetic inheritance affects the distribution (orientation and shape) of ellipses of phenotypic change and how these distributions influence subsequent evolution. This interweaving of phenotypic means and variances accumulates generation by generation and is described analytically by the reachability matrix, which acts as an analogue of G when genetic and nongenetic inheritance both act.
control theory, G matrix, indirect genetic effect, maternal effect, quantitative genetics
1010-061X
1234-1243
Townley, S.
6b03ea81-c7f1-4c4c-946a-c3a17b92712b
Ezard, T. H. G.
a143a893-07d0-4673-a2dd-cea2cd7e1374
Townley, S.
6b03ea81-c7f1-4c4c-946a-c3a17b92712b
Ezard, T. H. G.
a143a893-07d0-4673-a2dd-cea2cd7e1374

Townley, S. and Ezard, T. H. G. (2013) A G matrix analogue to capture the cumulative effects of nongenetic inheritance. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 26 (6), 1234-1243. (doi:10.1111/jeb.12089).

Record type: Article

Abstract

The genetic variance-covariance (G) matrix describes the variances and covariances of genetic traits under strict genetic inheritance. Genetically expressed traits often influence trait expression in another via nongenetic forms of transmission and inheritance, however. The importance of non-genetic influences on phenotypic evolution is increasingly clear, but how genetic and nongenetic inheritance interact to determine the response to selection is not well understood. Here, we use the ‘reachability matrix’ – a key analytical tool of geometric control theory – to integrate both forms of inheritance, capturing how the consequences of generation-lagged maternal effects accumulate. Building on the classic Lande and Kirkpatrick model that showed how nongenetic (maternal) inheritance fundamentally alters the expected path of phenotypic evolution, we make novel inferences through decomposition of the reachability matrix. In particular, we quantify how nongenetic inheritance affects the distribution (orientation and shape) of ellipses of phenotypic change and how these distributions influence subsequent evolution. This interweaving of phenotypic means and variances accumulates generation by generation and is described analytically by the reachability matrix, which acts as an analogue of G when genetic and nongenetic inheritance both act.

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More information

e-pub ahead of print date: 8 May 2013
Published date: June 2013
Keywords: control theory, G matrix, indirect genetic effect, maternal effect, quantitative genetics
Organisations: Environmental

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 355800
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/355800
ISSN: 1010-061X
PURE UUID: 196689de-b79c-481f-89f7-354acf9a1c6f
ORCID for T. H. G. Ezard: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-8305-6605

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 05 Sep 2013 13:00
Last modified: 22 Jun 2024 01:46

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Contributors

Author: S. Townley
Author: T. H. G. Ezard ORCID iD

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