Quantitative detection of plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva, blood, urine
Quantitative detection of plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva, blood, urine
Background
Current methods for detecting malaria parasites are invasive and associated with poor compliance when repeated sampling is required. New methods to detect and quantify parasites in a less-invasive manner would greatly enhance the potential for longitudinal surveillance in clinical trials
Methods
Saliva, urine, and blood samples from 386 Gambian outpatients with suspected malaria infections were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) to detect infection and to evaluate diagnostic accuracy in comparison to expert microscopy. The amount of parasite DNA in malaria-positive samples was estimated using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)
Results
Blood parasite density as estimated by qPCR correlated well with parasite counts established by microscopy (?=0.94; P<.001). qPCR results for saliva had a significant correlation with microscopy counts (?=0.58; P<.001), whereas qPCR results for urine had a positive but poor correlation with microscopy counts (?=0.20; P=.117). The mean amounts of parasite DNA quantified in blood were greater than the mean amounts quantified in saliva and urine samples obtained concurrently from the same individual, by ?600-fold and ?2500-fold, respectively. When nPCR results were compared with microscopy results, nPCR of saliva had a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 97%; its sensitivity increased to 82% in samples with a parasite density of ?1000 parasites/?L. nPCR of urine had a sensitivity of 32% and a specificity of 98%
Conclusion
Saliva sampling is a promising less-invasive approach for detecting malaria infection
1567-1574
Nawakanma, D.C.
61b33113-d39a-49ea-a393-3067e9c26ba4
Walther, M.
79136385-d7a0-4d2e-923e-45cb852b7938
Crozier, S.
1f39648f-d527-497f-bb40-319f487a0782
Dubovsky, F.
5a2df0b7-1245-470f-b4fe-e1fcfe600b72
Malkin, E.
dd008278-8bb2-4d32-9706-86adfc865ab4
Locke, E.
b604d2b7-c95d-4069-95f6-168648df7670
Conway, D.J.
414c6d6c-ec94-4302-a88c-44a0fa5e100d
Gomez-Escobar, N.
b11b55d1-51f4-4d6d-aeef-2dfe8642f02c
1 June 2009
Nawakanma, D.C.
61b33113-d39a-49ea-a393-3067e9c26ba4
Gomez-Escobar, N.
b11b55d1-51f4-4d6d-aeef-2dfe8642f02c
Walther, M.
79136385-d7a0-4d2e-923e-45cb852b7938
Crozier, S.
1f39648f-d527-497f-bb40-319f487a0782
Dubovsky, F.
5a2df0b7-1245-470f-b4fe-e1fcfe600b72
Malkin, E.
dd008278-8bb2-4d32-9706-86adfc865ab4
Locke, E.
b604d2b7-c95d-4069-95f6-168648df7670
Conway, D.J.
414c6d6c-ec94-4302-a88c-44a0fa5e100d
Nawakanma, D.C., Walther, M., Crozier, S., Dubovsky, F., Malkin, E., Locke, E. and Conway, D.J.
,
Gomez-Escobar, N.
(ed.)
(2009)
Quantitative detection of plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva, blood, urine.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 199 (11), .
(doi:10.1086/598856).
(PMID:19432544)
Abstract
Background
Current methods for detecting malaria parasites are invasive and associated with poor compliance when repeated sampling is required. New methods to detect and quantify parasites in a less-invasive manner would greatly enhance the potential for longitudinal surveillance in clinical trials
Methods
Saliva, urine, and blood samples from 386 Gambian outpatients with suspected malaria infections were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) to detect infection and to evaluate diagnostic accuracy in comparison to expert microscopy. The amount of parasite DNA in malaria-positive samples was estimated using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)
Results
Blood parasite density as estimated by qPCR correlated well with parasite counts established by microscopy (?=0.94; P<.001). qPCR results for saliva had a significant correlation with microscopy counts (?=0.58; P<.001), whereas qPCR results for urine had a positive but poor correlation with microscopy counts (?=0.20; P=.117). The mean amounts of parasite DNA quantified in blood were greater than the mean amounts quantified in saliva and urine samples obtained concurrently from the same individual, by ?600-fold and ?2500-fold, respectively. When nPCR results were compared with microscopy results, nPCR of saliva had a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 97%; its sensitivity increased to 82% in samples with a parasite density of ?1000 parasites/?L. nPCR of urine had a sensitivity of 32% and a specificity of 98%
Conclusion
Saliva sampling is a promising less-invasive approach for detecting malaria infection
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More information
Published date: 1 June 2009
Organisations:
Faculty of Medicine
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 359482
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/359482
ISSN: 0022-1899
PURE UUID: 9dcc7934-9b2a-4c39-9d80-d922a502f11a
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Date deposited: 04 Nov 2013 15:15
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 15:23
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Contributors
Author:
D.C. Nawakanma
Editor:
N. Gomez-Escobar
Author:
M. Walther
Author:
S. Crozier
Author:
F. Dubovsky
Author:
E. Malkin
Author:
E. Locke
Author:
D.J. Conway
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