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The intertidal distribution of two algal symbionts hosted by Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt 1835)

The intertidal distribution of two algal symbionts hosted by Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt 1835)
The intertidal distribution of two algal symbionts hosted by Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt 1835)
This paper quantifies the spatial distribution of zooxanthellae (ZX) and zoochlorellae (ZC), two algal symbionts common to the temperate anemone, Anthopleura xanthogrammica, in relation to shore height. Anemones in tidepools and crevices had varying algal proportions: >0.90 ZC (green anemones), 0.10 to 0.90 ZX (mixed), and >0.90 ZX (brown). Brown anemones are primarily found in the high intertidal and the upper region of tidepools. Mixed anemones are most common at intermediate shore heights and green anemones are exclusive to the low shore and at increasing depth in tidepools. Microhabitat was also important to algal proportion, as anemones in crevices had greater proportions of ZC than anemones in tidepools at the same shore height. In a reciprocal transplant experiment, A. xanthogrammica were moved between high and low shallow tidepools. All anemones moved from a low to a high tidepool exhibited a shift from ZC to ZX populations, while the anemones transplanted from high to low tidepools maintained ZX dominance. This is the first documentation that field algal populations can shift from ZC to ZX in Anthopleura. The field survey and transplant study results support the hypothesis that the relative abundance of ZX and ZC in A. xanthogrammica is influenced by the environmental gradient associated with shore height and microhabitat.
Algal symbiosis, Algal distribution, Anthopleura xanthogrammica, Environmental gradient, Zoochlorellae, Zooxanthellae
0022-0981
249-262
Bates, A.E.
a96e267d-6d22-4232-b7ed-ce4e448a2a34
Bates, A.E.
a96e267d-6d22-4232-b7ed-ce4e448a2a34

Bates, A.E. (2000) The intertidal distribution of two algal symbionts hosted by Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt 1835). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 249 (2), 249-262. (doi:10.1016/S0022-0981(00)00203-3). (PMID:10841938)

Record type: Article

Abstract

This paper quantifies the spatial distribution of zooxanthellae (ZX) and zoochlorellae (ZC), two algal symbionts common to the temperate anemone, Anthopleura xanthogrammica, in relation to shore height. Anemones in tidepools and crevices had varying algal proportions: >0.90 ZC (green anemones), 0.10 to 0.90 ZX (mixed), and >0.90 ZX (brown). Brown anemones are primarily found in the high intertidal and the upper region of tidepools. Mixed anemones are most common at intermediate shore heights and green anemones are exclusive to the low shore and at increasing depth in tidepools. Microhabitat was also important to algal proportion, as anemones in crevices had greater proportions of ZC than anemones in tidepools at the same shore height. In a reciprocal transplant experiment, A. xanthogrammica were moved between high and low shallow tidepools. All anemones moved from a low to a high tidepool exhibited a shift from ZC to ZX populations, while the anemones transplanted from high to low tidepools maintained ZX dominance. This is the first documentation that field algal populations can shift from ZC to ZX in Anthopleura. The field survey and transplant study results support the hypothesis that the relative abundance of ZX and ZC in A. xanthogrammica is influenced by the environmental gradient associated with shore height and microhabitat.

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More information

Published date: 28 June 2000
Keywords: Algal symbiosis, Algal distribution, Anthopleura xanthogrammica, Environmental gradient, Zoochlorellae, Zooxanthellae
Organisations: Ocean and Earth Science

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 361245
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/361245
ISSN: 0022-0981
PURE UUID: 6a9363bd-2304-4075-92eb-b3d8ad080b5c

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Date deposited: 15 Jan 2014 15:30
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 15:47

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Author: A.E. Bates

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