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Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a public health problem of epidemic proportions worldwide. Accumulating clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates that NAFLD is not only associated with liver-related morbidity and mortality but also with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), abnormalities of cardiac function and structure (e.g., left ventricular dysfunction and hypertrophy, and heart failure), valvular heart disease (e.g., aortic valve sclerosis) and arrhythmias (e.g., atrial fibrillation). Experimental evidence suggests that NAFLD itself, especially in its more severe forms, exacerbates systemic/hepatic insulin resistance, causes atherogenic dyslipidemia, and releases a variety of pro-inflammatory, pro-coagulant and pro-fibrogenic mediators that may play important roles in the pathophysiology of cardiac and arrhythmic complications. Collectively, these findings suggest that patients with NAFLD may benefit from more intensive surveillance and early treatment interventions to decrease the risk for CHD and other cardiac/arrhythmic complications. The purpose of this clinical review is to summarize the rapidly expanding body of evidence that supports a strong association between NAFLD and cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications, to briefly examine the putative biological mechanisms underlying this association, and to discuss some of the current treatment options that may influence both NAFLD and its related cardiac and arrhythmic complications.

1007-9327
1724-1745
Ballestri, S.
6c5abaa3-1ff7-4279-bdd9-4ed64cd9c746
Lonardo, A.
c7080bf1-7038-4186-ae7d-cc7685580262
Bonapace, S.
3bf688b2-0f7e-4e5b-8011-c353a93bf675
Byrne, Christopher D.
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c
Loria, P.
f4378b20-722f-47aa-bede-5a2dd3802fcd
Targher, G.
5a842bd2-91c4-4063-b639-da6c681f3698
Ballestri, S.
6c5abaa3-1ff7-4279-bdd9-4ed64cd9c746
Lonardo, A.
c7080bf1-7038-4186-ae7d-cc7685580262
Bonapace, S.
3bf688b2-0f7e-4e5b-8011-c353a93bf675
Byrne, Christopher D.
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c
Loria, P.
f4378b20-722f-47aa-bede-5a2dd3802fcd
Targher, G.
5a842bd2-91c4-4063-b639-da6c681f3698

Ballestri, S., Lonardo, A., Bonapace, S., Byrne, Christopher D., Loria, P. and Targher, G. (2014) Risk of cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 20 (7), 1724-1745. (doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i7.1724). (PMID:24587651)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a public health problem of epidemic proportions worldwide. Accumulating clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates that NAFLD is not only associated with liver-related morbidity and mortality but also with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), abnormalities of cardiac function and structure (e.g., left ventricular dysfunction and hypertrophy, and heart failure), valvular heart disease (e.g., aortic valve sclerosis) and arrhythmias (e.g., atrial fibrillation). Experimental evidence suggests that NAFLD itself, especially in its more severe forms, exacerbates systemic/hepatic insulin resistance, causes atherogenic dyslipidemia, and releases a variety of pro-inflammatory, pro-coagulant and pro-fibrogenic mediators that may play important roles in the pathophysiology of cardiac and arrhythmic complications. Collectively, these findings suggest that patients with NAFLD may benefit from more intensive surveillance and early treatment interventions to decrease the risk for CHD and other cardiac/arrhythmic complications. The purpose of this clinical review is to summarize the rapidly expanding body of evidence that supports a strong association between NAFLD and cardiovascular, cardiac and arrhythmic complications, to briefly examine the putative biological mechanisms underlying this association, and to discuss some of the current treatment options that may influence both NAFLD and its related cardiac and arrhythmic complications.

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More information

Published date: 21 February 2014
Organisations: Human Development & Health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 363036
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/363036
ISSN: 1007-9327
PURE UUID: 8fde418f-96fd-4227-998e-9fd3dc2133d2
ORCID for Christopher D. Byrne: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-7753

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Date deposited: 19 Mar 2014 16:35
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:02

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Contributors

Author: S. Ballestri
Author: A. Lonardo
Author: S. Bonapace
Author: P. Loria
Author: G. Targher

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