The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 – 2011

The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 – 2011 Dr Ben Anderson Research & Policy Workshop I 17th December 2013 @dataknut

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Contents  Why bother?  Meet the data  Distributions  Factors predicting adoption  Summary 2

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Why bother?  Equity: – Uneven distribution of benefits  Regressive: – Benefits may accrue to the well off  Uptake may asymptote – To something… 4

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Contents  Why bother?  Meet the Data  Distributions (over time)  Factors predicting adoption  Summary 5

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Meet the Data 2008 2009 2010 ✔ 2011 ✔ 2013 2012 ✔ ✔  British Household Panel Survey – Wave 18 (2008-9) – N households = 6,500 We are here!  Understanding Society – Waves 1-4 (2009-2013) Data for waves 1-3 available now Eco-Tech & Behaviours/Attitudes – N households = 30,000 6

BHPS Wave 18 2,500 2011_03 2011 2011_02 2011_01 ✔ 2010_12 2010_11 2010_10 2010_09 2010_08 2010 2010_07 ✔ 2010_06 2010_05 2010_04 2010_03 2010_02 2010_01 2009 2009_12 2009_11 2009_10 2009_09 2009_08 2009_07 2009_06 2008 2009_05 2009_04 2009_03 2009_02 2009_01 2008_12 2008_11 2008_10 2008_09 N households @dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Meet the Data 2012 2013 ✔ ✔ 4,000 3,500 3,000 We are here! 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 USOC Wave 1 7

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 What Energy-Tech?  Energy ‘production’ – Solar PV (electricity) – Wind Turbines (electricity) – Solar Thermal (hot water)  Key questions: – Who is adopting? – What factors predict this? – What difference does it make? 8

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Key variables: Solar PV Solar Thermal Wind Turbine Both 30% 198 13 5.05% 4.33% 2.44% 1471 828 88.51% 90.51% 94.86% 30775 32254 5.91% 4.58% 2.66% 2011 Considered & rejected 0.04% 30095 No 0.58% 1716 Considering 0.53% 180  Energy Tech uptake Yes 1558 905 Solar PV only 35% Solar Thermal only 35% 9

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Key variables Solar PV Solar Thermal Wind Turbine 198 13 5.05% 4.33% 2.44% 1471 828 88.51% 90.51% 94.86% 30775 32254 5.91% 4.58% 2.66% 2011 Considered & rejected 0.04% 30095 No 0.58% 1716 Considering 0.53% 180  Energy Tech uptake Yes 1558 905  ‘Environmentally friendly’ – Mean individual level actions + household level behaviours  Socio-economic – Tenure, Occupancy, Income, education levels, energy consumption 10

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Over time… 9.0% 16,000 8.0% 14,000 7.0% 12,000 6.0% 10,000 5.0% 8,000 4.0% 6,000 3.0% 4,000 2.0% 1.0% 2,000 0.0% 0 2008 2009 2010 N households Have installed energy-tech Considering installing energy-tech Have thought about it & decided not to Source: Own calculations of pooled BHPS (W18) & USOC (W1) GB sub-sample Weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals 12

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Over equivalised income quartiles 2.5% 12.0% Has energy tech Considering energy tech 10.0% 2.0% Equivalised income Q4 (highest) 1.5% Equivalised income Q4 (highest) 8.0% Q3 Q3 6.0% Q2 1.0% Equivalised income Q1 (lowest) 0.5% Q2 4.0% Equivalised income Q1 (lowest) 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Equivalised income: controls for household size (persons, OECD approach) 13 Source: Own calculations of pooled BHPS (W18) & USOC (W1) GB sub-sample weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Over accommodation type 3.00% Has energy tech 14.00% Considering energy tech 12.00% 2.50% 10.00% 2.00% Detached 1.50% 8.00% Detached Semi-detached Terrace Semi-detached 6.00% Terrace Other 1.00% Other 4.00% 0.50% 2.00% 0.00% 0.00% 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Equivalised income: controls for household size (persons, OECD approach) 14 Source: Own calculations of pooled BHPS (W18) & USOC (W1) GB sub-sample weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Over tenure 1.60% Has energy tech 12.00% Considering energy tech 1.40% 10.00% 1.20% 8.00% 1.00% Own 0.80% Own 6.00% Social rent Social rent Other/private rent 0.60% Other/private rent 4.00% 0.40% 2.00% 0.20% 0.00% 0.00% 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Confirms: DECC (2012) Identifying trends in the deployment of domestic solar PV under the Feed-in Tariff scheme 15 Source: Own calculations of pooled BHPS (W18) & USOC (W1) GB sub-sample weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Over energy consumption quartiles 2.5% 14.0% Has energy tech Considering energy tech 12.0% 2.0% 10.0% Energy spend Q4 (highest) 1.5% Q3 Energy spend Q4 (highest) 8.0% Q3 Q2 6.0% Q2 Energy spend Q1 (lowest) 1.0% 4.0% Energy spend Q1 (lowest) 0.5% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Confirms: DECC (2012) Identifying trends in the deployment of domestic solar PV under the Feed-in Tariff scheme 16 Source: Own calculations of pooled BHPS (W18) & USOC (W1) GB sub-sample weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Over ‘Environmentally friendly’ quartiles 2.5% Has energy tech 12.0% Considering energy tech 10.0% 2.0% Enviro Friendly HH Q4 (highest) 1.5% Enviro Friendly HH Q4 (highest) 8.0% Q3 Q3 6.0% Q2 1.0% Enviro Friendly HH Q1 (lowest) 0.5% Q2 4.0% Enviro Friendly HH Q1 (lowest) 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Index: Mean of individual level scores + recycling + green electricity tariff Source: Own calculations of pooled BHPS (W18) & USOC (W1) GB sub-sample weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals 17

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Distributions  Urban vs rural 0.12 0.025 Has energy tech Considering energy tech 0.1 0.02 0.08 0.015 Urban 0.06 Urban Rural Rural 0.01 0.04 0.005 0.02 0 0 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Confirms: DECC (2012) Identifying trends in the deployment of domestic solar PV under the Feed-in Tariff scheme 18 Source: Own calculations of USOC (W1) GB sub-sample weighted for non response and correcting for survey design Error bars = 95% Confidence intervals

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Adopted Energy Tech Other effects: rural (positive) But: low explanatory power => Lots of unexplained variance Source: Logistic regression of BHPS (W18), USOC (W1) GB sub-sample. Error bars = 95% Confidence Intervals for coefficients 20

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 ‘Seriously Considering’ Energy Tech Other effects: rural (positive) But: low explanatory power => Lots of unexplained variance Source: Logistic regression of BHPS (W18), USOC (W1) GB sub-sample. Error bars = 95% Confidence Intervals for coefficients 21

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 ‘Rejected’ all Energy Tech Other effects: rural (negative) But: low explanatory power => Lots of unexplained variance Source: Logistic regression of BHPS (W18), USOC (W1) GB sub-sample. Error bars = 95% Confidence Intervals for coefficients 22

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Adopted Solar PV/Solar Thermal Other effects: rural (positive) for Solar Thermal but not Solar PV High explanatory power => but much captured by intercept (not shown) And small n for adoption groups Source: Logistic regression of BHPS (W18), USOC (W1) GB sub-sample. Error bars = 95% Confidence Intervals for coefficients 23

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Summary  Adopters generally: – home-owning, (large) detached & rural – higher reported ‘enviro friendly’ views/actions  Those seriously considering generally: – As above – Already have some form of energy tech – Highest energy spenders  Rejecters generally: – Urban renters, not detached – Lower reported ‘enviro friendly’ views/actions – Lower energy spend 25

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Contrasts:  Solar PV & Solar Thermal Adopters: – Different housing type ‘effects’? – Different income ‘effects’? – Different ‘attitudinal’ effects  Overall: – Emphasis on constraints over choice – Equity issues are clear… 26

@dataknut: The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 - 2011 Thank you  Questions? – b.anderson@soton.ac.uk – @dataknut  http://www.energy.soton.ac.uk/esrc-sdai-attitudes 27

The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 – 2011

by Ben Anderson, Senior Research Fellow, Sustainable Energy Research Group at University of Southampton on Dec 17, 2013

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The Distribution of Domestic Energy-Tech in Great Britain: 2008 – 2011 Presentation Transcript