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Rifapentine and isoniazid in the continuation phase of treating pulmonary tuberculosis. Initial report.

Rifapentine and isoniazid in the continuation phase of treating pulmonary tuberculosis. Initial report.
Rifapentine and isoniazid in the continuation phase of treating pulmonary tuberculosis. Initial report.
A randomized comparison has been made of three times weekly rifampin plus isoniazid (HR3) with rifapentine plus isoniazid given once weekly (HRp1) or on 2 of 3 wk (HRp1.2/3) in the continuation phase of 6-mo regimens (each starting with an initial 2 mo of 4-drug therapy) for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in 672 Chinese patients in Hong Kong. Because of poor bioavailability of the rifapentine used (produced in China), its dose size was increased from 600 mg initially to about 750 mg in the last third of patients to obtain serum concentrations similar to those with rifapentine of Western origin; all doses were given after a meal promoting absorption. After initial exclusions, an intent to treat analysis, done on the remaining 592 patients, showed 45 adverse treatment events in 7 of 190 HR3 patients, in 17 of 199 HRp1 patients, and in 21 of 203 HRp1.2/3 patients; of these, 42 were bacteriological or radiographic relapses after the end of treatment (HR3 versus HRp1, p = 0.04; HR3 versus HRp1.2/3, p = 0.01). Patients with organisms initially sensitive or resistant to isoniazid or streptomycin had similar relapse rates. The high relapse rate in the HRp1 regimen suggests that the rifapentine dose should be increased. Similarity of relapse rates, 8.9% and 10.4%, after the HRp1 and HRp1.2/3 regimens, respectively, indicates that irregularity in taking rifapentine/isoniazid could be tolerated. The few adverse side effects in the continuation phase in the rifapentine regimens were less frequent than in the HR3 regimen.
1073-449X
1726-1733
Tam, C.M.
8b4dc9a3-38b9-494a-b784-070d1bb7762f
Chan, S.L.
784bfc94-e1b1-485a-b594-c4f2509cd9d7
LAM, C.W.
f2e9c1bc-a77f-46ac-bf89-4bf5aaf900db
Leung, C.C.
86c7dee5-2916-42c0-a02c-43121e06e876
Kam, K.M.
8c105303-ff41-407b-a3c7-efbbf822587e
Morris, J.S.
569aa43b-15bd-4e9d-b4a5-e68a84334cfe
Mitchison, D.A.
363052a2-2739-4c46-83f8-3b5717923b24
Tam, C.M.
8b4dc9a3-38b9-494a-b784-070d1bb7762f
Chan, S.L.
784bfc94-e1b1-485a-b594-c4f2509cd9d7
LAM, C.W.
f2e9c1bc-a77f-46ac-bf89-4bf5aaf900db
Leung, C.C.
86c7dee5-2916-42c0-a02c-43121e06e876
Kam, K.M.
8c105303-ff41-407b-a3c7-efbbf822587e
Morris, J.S.
569aa43b-15bd-4e9d-b4a5-e68a84334cfe
Mitchison, D.A.
363052a2-2739-4c46-83f8-3b5717923b24

Tam, C.M., Chan, S.L., LAM, C.W., Leung, C.C., Kam, K.M., Morris, J.S. and Mitchison, D.A. (1998) Rifapentine and isoniazid in the continuation phase of treating pulmonary tuberculosis. Initial report. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 157 (6), supplement pt 1, 1726-1733. (PMID:9620898)

Record type: Article

Abstract

A randomized comparison has been made of three times weekly rifampin plus isoniazid (HR3) with rifapentine plus isoniazid given once weekly (HRp1) or on 2 of 3 wk (HRp1.2/3) in the continuation phase of 6-mo regimens (each starting with an initial 2 mo of 4-drug therapy) for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in 672 Chinese patients in Hong Kong. Because of poor bioavailability of the rifapentine used (produced in China), its dose size was increased from 600 mg initially to about 750 mg in the last third of patients to obtain serum concentrations similar to those with rifapentine of Western origin; all doses were given after a meal promoting absorption. After initial exclusions, an intent to treat analysis, done on the remaining 592 patients, showed 45 adverse treatment events in 7 of 190 HR3 patients, in 17 of 199 HRp1 patients, and in 21 of 203 HRp1.2/3 patients; of these, 42 were bacteriological or radiographic relapses after the end of treatment (HR3 versus HRp1, p = 0.04; HR3 versus HRp1.2/3, p = 0.01). Patients with organisms initially sensitive or resistant to isoniazid or streptomycin had similar relapse rates. The high relapse rate in the HRp1 regimen suggests that the rifapentine dose should be increased. Similarity of relapse rates, 8.9% and 10.4%, after the HRp1 and HRp1.2/3 regimens, respectively, indicates that irregularity in taking rifapentine/isoniazid could be tolerated. The few adverse side effects in the continuation phase in the rifapentine regimens were less frequent than in the HR3 regimen.

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Published date: 1998
Organisations: Faculty of Health Sciences

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Local EPrints ID: 365390
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/365390
ISSN: 1073-449X
PURE UUID: b69d134e-3eca-4e8a-9e7c-2e03d09b820a

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Date deposited: 03 Jun 2014 15:31
Last modified: 22 Jul 2022 18:59

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Contributors

Author: C.M. Tam
Author: S.L. Chan
Author: C.W. LAM
Author: C.C. Leung
Author: K.M. Kam
Author: J.S. Morris
Author: D.A. Mitchison

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