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The epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in China, 2004-2012: from intensified control to elimination

The epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in China, 2004-2012: from intensified control to elimination
The epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in China, 2004-2012: from intensified control to elimination
Background

In China, the national malaria elimination programme has been operating since 2010. This study aimed to explore the epidemiological changes in patterns of malaria in China from intensified control to elimination stages.

Methods

Data on nationwide malaria cases from 2004 to 2012 were extracted from the Chinese national malaria surveillance system. The secular trend, gender and age features, seasonality, and spatial distribution by Plasmodium species were analysed.

Results

In total, 238,443 malaria cases were reported, and the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum increased drastically from <10% before 2010 to 55.2% in 2012. From 2004 to 2006, malaria showed a significantly increasing trend and with the highest incidence peak in 2006 (4.6/100,000), while from 2007 onwards, malaria decreased sharply to only 0.18/100,000 in 2012. Males and young age groups became the predominantly affected population. The areas affected by Plasmodium vivax malaria shrunk, while areas affected by P. falciparum malaria expanded from 294 counties in 2004 to 600 counties in 2012.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that malaria has decreased dramatically in the last five years, especially since the Chinese government launched a malaria elimination programme in 2010, and areas with reported falciparum malaria cases have expanded over recent years. These findings suggest that elimination efforts should be improved to meet these changes, so as to achieve the nationwide malaria elimination goal in China in 2020.
malaria, epidemiology, control, elimination, china
1475-2875
1-9
Zhang, Qian
5768ab4e-5e98-4a28-bf41-56a8abb54c64
Lai, Shengjie
b57a5fe8-cfb6-4fa7-b414-a98bb891b001
Zheng, Canjun
036fc2f3-9f4a-439c-9a68-b0f0bf0de6f8
Zhang, Honglong
35d0ccf0-0422-4fcd-a949-a74a83f75e51
Zhou, Sheng
937338b3-0c1a-4ddb-9fdb-f2cdb88163a6
Hu, Wenbiao
ac87e378-67ae-4fa0-abf1-4cefcb0870f9
Clements, Archie C.A.
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Zhou, Xiao-Nong
64d9e863-4d38-4cfe-9d0d-8d30e6cb4f56
Yang, Weizhong
65d18fbc-d752-42a7-ac38-01534ceda15c
Hay, Simon I.
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Yu, Hongjie
f6a43c0c-0da8-4124-bd15-cd832d6fee7c
Li, Zhongjie
f89a98f7-f6d3-4312-995a-bc658ae9a93f
Zhang, Qian
5768ab4e-5e98-4a28-bf41-56a8abb54c64
Lai, Shengjie
b57a5fe8-cfb6-4fa7-b414-a98bb891b001
Zheng, Canjun
036fc2f3-9f4a-439c-9a68-b0f0bf0de6f8
Zhang, Honglong
35d0ccf0-0422-4fcd-a949-a74a83f75e51
Zhou, Sheng
937338b3-0c1a-4ddb-9fdb-f2cdb88163a6
Hu, Wenbiao
ac87e378-67ae-4fa0-abf1-4cefcb0870f9
Clements, Archie C.A.
e1cd8912-66b0-4b99-8167-b68ca3d42ec4
Zhou, Xiao-Nong
64d9e863-4d38-4cfe-9d0d-8d30e6cb4f56
Yang, Weizhong
65d18fbc-d752-42a7-ac38-01534ceda15c
Hay, Simon I.
471d3ae4-a3c1-4d29-93e3-a90d44471b00
Yu, Hongjie
f6a43c0c-0da8-4124-bd15-cd832d6fee7c
Li, Zhongjie
f89a98f7-f6d3-4312-995a-bc658ae9a93f

Zhang, Qian, Lai, Shengjie, Zheng, Canjun, Zhang, Honglong, Zhou, Sheng, Hu, Wenbiao, Clements, Archie C.A., Zhou, Xiao-Nong, Yang, Weizhong, Hay, Simon I., Yu, Hongjie and Li, Zhongjie (2014) The epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in China, 2004-2012: from intensified control to elimination. Malaria Journal, 13 (419), 1-9. (doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-419). (PMID:25363492)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background

In China, the national malaria elimination programme has been operating since 2010. This study aimed to explore the epidemiological changes in patterns of malaria in China from intensified control to elimination stages.

Methods

Data on nationwide malaria cases from 2004 to 2012 were extracted from the Chinese national malaria surveillance system. The secular trend, gender and age features, seasonality, and spatial distribution by Plasmodium species were analysed.

Results

In total, 238,443 malaria cases were reported, and the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum increased drastically from <10% before 2010 to 55.2% in 2012. From 2004 to 2006, malaria showed a significantly increasing trend and with the highest incidence peak in 2006 (4.6/100,000), while from 2007 onwards, malaria decreased sharply to only 0.18/100,000 in 2012. Males and young age groups became the predominantly affected population. The areas affected by Plasmodium vivax malaria shrunk, while areas affected by P. falciparum malaria expanded from 294 counties in 2004 to 600 counties in 2012.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that malaria has decreased dramatically in the last five years, especially since the Chinese government launched a malaria elimination programme in 2010, and areas with reported falciparum malaria cases have expanded over recent years. These findings suggest that elimination efforts should be improved to meet these changes, so as to achieve the nationwide malaria elimination goal in China in 2020.

Text
1475-2875-13-419.pdf - Version of Record
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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 25 October 2014
Published date: 3 November 2014
Keywords: malaria, epidemiology, control, elimination, china
Organisations: WorldPop, Population, Health & Wellbeing (PHeW)

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 373590
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/373590
ISSN: 1475-2875
PURE UUID: b2655fec-eb7c-4956-b9f6-ca05854909de
ORCID for Shengjie Lai: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-8148

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 23 Jan 2015 16:47
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 04:02

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Contributors

Author: Qian Zhang
Author: Shengjie Lai ORCID iD
Author: Canjun Zheng
Author: Honglong Zhang
Author: Sheng Zhou
Author: Wenbiao Hu
Author: Archie C.A. Clements
Author: Xiao-Nong Zhou
Author: Weizhong Yang
Author: Simon I. Hay
Author: Hongjie Yu
Author: Zhongjie Li

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