Participation des facteurs nutritionnels et environnementaux au vieillissement de la rétine et aux rétinopathies liées à l'âge
Participation des facteurs nutritionnels et environnementaux au vieillissement de la rétine et aux rétinopathies liées à l'âge
With advanced age, aging of the human retina can evolve into pathological forms, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic retinopathy (DR). Meanwhile, epidemiological studies suggest that a diet rich in long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as EPA and DHA, potentially protects against the development of AMD and insulin resistance, the main risk factor for DR. Within this context, our research objectives were to assess: 1 - the impact of endogen and environmental factors, known to trigger oxidative stress, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) or insulin resistance, on the function and aging of the retina, and 2 - the response of the retina to a omega-3 LC-PUFA-enriched diet in a murine model of aging of the human retina, the ApoB100,LDLR-/- mouse.The animals exposed to oxidative stress and AGEs showed an alteration of the retinal function associated with an accumulation of microglial cells and/or macrophages in the outer retina. The insulin resistance induced a modulation of the expression of genes coding proteins involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation and nuclear factors. An omega-3 LC-PUFA-enriched diet improved the incorporation of omega-3 LC-PUFA in the retina and modulated the expression of the LDL-receptor gene in the neurosensory retina.In conclusion, our works reported the adaptive response of the retina to environmental and endogenous factors known to promote aging of the retina. It included the impairment of the retinal function, and the modulation of gene expression. Our data also gave a better understanding of the effects of omega-3 LC-PUFA against aging of the retina
Simon, Emilie
22a3ee84-1834-4038-91cb-15d6163b1c56
5 September 2012
Simon, Emilie
22a3ee84-1834-4038-91cb-15d6163b1c56
Simon, Emilie
(2012)
Participation des facteurs nutritionnels et environnementaux au vieillissement de la rétine et aux rétinopathies liées à l'âge.
CSGA Centre INRA, Eye, Nutrition and Signalling Research Group, Doctoral Thesis.
Record type:
Thesis
(Doctoral)
Abstract
With advanced age, aging of the human retina can evolve into pathological forms, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic retinopathy (DR). Meanwhile, epidemiological studies suggest that a diet rich in long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as EPA and DHA, potentially protects against the development of AMD and insulin resistance, the main risk factor for DR. Within this context, our research objectives were to assess: 1 - the impact of endogen and environmental factors, known to trigger oxidative stress, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) or insulin resistance, on the function and aging of the retina, and 2 - the response of the retina to a omega-3 LC-PUFA-enriched diet in a murine model of aging of the human retina, the ApoB100,LDLR-/- mouse.The animals exposed to oxidative stress and AGEs showed an alteration of the retinal function associated with an accumulation of microglial cells and/or macrophages in the outer retina. The insulin resistance induced a modulation of the expression of genes coding proteins involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation and nuclear factors. An omega-3 LC-PUFA-enriched diet improved the incorporation of omega-3 LC-PUFA in the retina and modulated the expression of the LDL-receptor gene in the neurosensory retina.In conclusion, our works reported the adaptive response of the retina to environmental and endogenous factors known to promote aging of the retina. It included the impairment of the retinal function, and the modulation of gene expression. Our data also gave a better understanding of the effects of omega-3 LC-PUFA against aging of the retina
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Published date: 5 September 2012
Organisations:
Centre for Biological Sciences
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Local EPrints ID: 385528
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/385528
PURE UUID: 7baa3236-6e1b-4f61-a346-0a207af0c546
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Date deposited: 27 Jan 2016 11:36
Last modified: 22 Jul 2022 19:43
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Author:
Emilie Simon
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