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Consumption of fish oil providing amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid that can be obtained from the diet reduces blood pressure in adults with systolic hypertension: a retrospective analysis

Consumption of fish oil providing amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid that can be obtained from the diet reduces blood pressure in adults with systolic hypertension: a retrospective analysis
Consumption of fish oil providing amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid that can be obtained from the diet reduces blood pressure in adults with systolic hypertension: a retrospective analysis

Background: Although a large number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the impact of the n-3 (?-3) fatty acids EPA (20:5n-3) and DHA (22:6n-3) on blood pressure and vascular function, the majority have used doses of EPA+DHA of > 3 g per d, which are unlikely to be achieved by diet manipulation.

Objective: The objective was to examine, using a retrospective analysis from a multi-center RCT, the impact of recommended, dietary achievable EPA+DHA intakes on systolic and diastolic blood pressure and microvascular function in UK adults.

Design: Healthy men and women (n = 312) completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT consuming control oil, or fish oil providing 0.7 g or 1.8 g EPA+DHA per d in random order each for 8 wk. Fasting blood pressure and microvascular function (using Laser Doppler
Iontophoresis) were assessed and plasma collected for the quantification of markers of vascular function. Participants were retrospectively genotyped for the eNOS rs1799983 variant.

Results: No impact of n-3 fatty acid treatment or any treatment * eNOS genotype interactions were evident in the group as a whole for any of the clinical or biochemical outcomes.

Assessment of response according to hypertension status at baseline indicated a significant (P=0.046) fish oil-induced reduction (mean 5 mmHg) in systolic blood pressure specifically in those with isolated systolic hypertension (n=31). No dose response was observed.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that, in those with isolated systolic hypertension, daily doses of EPA+DHA as low as 0.7 g bring about clinically meaningful blood pressure reductions which, at a population level, would be associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. Confirmation of findings in an RCT where participants are prospectively recruited on the basis of blood pressure status is required to draw definite conclusions.
fish oils, n-3 PUFA, vascular function, blood pressure, eNOS genotype, nitric oxide, adhesion molecules.
0022-3166
516-523
Minihane, A.
2b9c10d3-b332-4978-b997-b0d8e34d694f
Armah, C.
dee0d251-abed-4076-8b7e-6f6edddd5257
Miles, E.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Madden, J.
0771e352-d432-41ea-8a7e-4704c1efca46
Clark, A.
a0e342fa-5166-481d-84e1-28468fb92ae7
Caslake, M.
ac239e7b-f8d8-44c6-9e72-251cf65ebb63
Packard, C.
137a6557-8e10-4c42-8805-2e7e1cc67360
Kofler, B.
54022f08-b81d-45d6-91a8-ff95fd2f0f36
Lietz, G.
858cba85-d01d-44ad-bea3-dbf84a572173
Curtis, P.
b8027827-e054-47b9-a267-2240e2dde3fc
Mathers, J.
690c2764-65b7-4792-b560-4b5dd7f7f279
Williams, C.
382b26c3-2135-4e96-ae1d-4c6da642ce6a
Calder, P.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Minihane, A.
2b9c10d3-b332-4978-b997-b0d8e34d694f
Armah, C.
dee0d251-abed-4076-8b7e-6f6edddd5257
Miles, E.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Madden, J.
0771e352-d432-41ea-8a7e-4704c1efca46
Clark, A.
a0e342fa-5166-481d-84e1-28468fb92ae7
Caslake, M.
ac239e7b-f8d8-44c6-9e72-251cf65ebb63
Packard, C.
137a6557-8e10-4c42-8805-2e7e1cc67360
Kofler, B.
54022f08-b81d-45d6-91a8-ff95fd2f0f36
Lietz, G.
858cba85-d01d-44ad-bea3-dbf84a572173
Curtis, P.
b8027827-e054-47b9-a267-2240e2dde3fc
Mathers, J.
690c2764-65b7-4792-b560-4b5dd7f7f279
Williams, C.
382b26c3-2135-4e96-ae1d-4c6da642ce6a
Calder, P.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6

Minihane, A., Armah, C., Miles, E., Madden, J., Clark, A., Caslake, M., Packard, C., Kofler, B., Lietz, G., Curtis, P., Mathers, J., Williams, C. and Calder, P. (2016) Consumption of fish oil providing amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid that can be obtained from the diet reduces blood pressure in adults with systolic hypertension: a retrospective analysis. Journal of Nutrition, 146 (3), 516-523. (doi:10.3945/jn.115.220475). (PMID:26817716)

Record type: Article

Abstract


Background: Although a large number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the impact of the n-3 (?-3) fatty acids EPA (20:5n-3) and DHA (22:6n-3) on blood pressure and vascular function, the majority have used doses of EPA+DHA of > 3 g per d, which are unlikely to be achieved by diet manipulation.

Objective: The objective was to examine, using a retrospective analysis from a multi-center RCT, the impact of recommended, dietary achievable EPA+DHA intakes on systolic and diastolic blood pressure and microvascular function in UK adults.

Design: Healthy men and women (n = 312) completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT consuming control oil, or fish oil providing 0.7 g or 1.8 g EPA+DHA per d in random order each for 8 wk. Fasting blood pressure and microvascular function (using Laser Doppler
Iontophoresis) were assessed and plasma collected for the quantification of markers of vascular function. Participants were retrospectively genotyped for the eNOS rs1799983 variant.

Results: No impact of n-3 fatty acid treatment or any treatment * eNOS genotype interactions were evident in the group as a whole for any of the clinical or biochemical outcomes.

Assessment of response according to hypertension status at baseline indicated a significant (P=0.046) fish oil-induced reduction (mean 5 mmHg) in systolic blood pressure specifically in those with isolated systolic hypertension (n=31). No dose response was observed.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that, in those with isolated systolic hypertension, daily doses of EPA+DHA as low as 0.7 g bring about clinically meaningful blood pressure reductions which, at a population level, would be associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. Confirmation of findings in an RCT where participants are prospectively recruited on the basis of blood pressure status is required to draw definite conclusions.

Text
Prof Calder Journal of Nutrition NUTRITION 2015 220475 Version 4 - Accepted Manuscript
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Prof Calder Journal of Nutrition NUTRITION 2015 220475 ONLINE SUPPORTING MATERIAL V4 - Other
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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 22 December 2015
e-pub ahead of print date: 27 January 2016
Published date: March 2016
Keywords: fish oils, n-3 PUFA, vascular function, blood pressure, eNOS genotype, nitric oxide, adhesion molecules.
Organisations: Human Development & Health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 385555
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/385555
ISSN: 0022-3166
PURE UUID: f6626cca-fae0-4c6a-8d7d-54f9bf949ba2
ORCID for E. Miles: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-0655
ORCID for P. Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X

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Date deposited: 20 Jan 2016 14:08
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 02:50

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Contributors

Author: A. Minihane
Author: C. Armah
Author: E. Miles ORCID iD
Author: J. Madden
Author: A. Clark
Author: M. Caslake
Author: C. Packard
Author: B. Kofler
Author: G. Lietz
Author: P. Curtis
Author: J. Mathers
Author: C. Williams
Author: P. Calder ORCID iD

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