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Velocity and sediment surge: what do we see at times of very shallow water on intertidal mudflats?

Velocity and sediment surge: what do we see at times of very shallow water on intertidal mudflats?
Velocity and sediment surge: what do we see at times of very shallow water on intertidal mudflats?
A self-designed “bottom boundary layer hydrodynamic and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) measuring system” was built to observe the hydrodynamic and the SSC processes over the intertidal mudflats at the middle part of the Jiangsu coast during August 8–10, 2013. Velocity profiles within 10 cm of the mudflat surface were obtained with a vertical resolution as fine as 1 mm. An ADCP was used to extend the profile over the full water depth with a resolution of 10 cm and the vertical SSC profile was measured at intervals using Optical Backscatter Sensors (OBS). At the same time, water levels and wave conditions were measured with a Tide and Wave Recorder. Measured data suggested that the vertical structure of velocity profiles within 10 cm above the bed maintains a logarithmic distribution during the whole tidal cycle except the slack-water periods. Shallow flows during both the early-flood period and the later-ebb period are characterized by a relatively large vertical velocity gradient and a “surge” feature. We conclude that the very shallow water stages are transient and may not contribute much to the whole water and sediment transport, while they can play a significant role in the formation and evolution of micro-topographies on tidal flats.
mudflats, field investigation, very shallow water, velocity surge, suspended sediment concentration surge, micro-topography
0278-4343
10-20
Zhang, Qian
5768ab4e-5e98-4a28-bf41-56a8abb54c64
Gong, Zheng
8fec227f-4dcc-431e-85c3-13a520574886
Zhang, Changkuan
dfdb560e-6606-4ba2-86be-f7068ef48393
Townend, Ian
f72e5186-cae8-41fd-8712-d5746f78328e
Jin, Chuang
2b035e2e-164f-46d0-ac58-23284c957fac
Li, Huan
8148585e-675a-48ca-b77c-9c4c17229946
Zhang, Qian
5768ab4e-5e98-4a28-bf41-56a8abb54c64
Gong, Zheng
8fec227f-4dcc-431e-85c3-13a520574886
Zhang, Changkuan
dfdb560e-6606-4ba2-86be-f7068ef48393
Townend, Ian
f72e5186-cae8-41fd-8712-d5746f78328e
Jin, Chuang
2b035e2e-164f-46d0-ac58-23284c957fac
Li, Huan
8148585e-675a-48ca-b77c-9c4c17229946

Zhang, Qian, Gong, Zheng, Zhang, Changkuan, Townend, Ian, Jin, Chuang and Li, Huan (2016) Velocity and sediment surge: what do we see at times of very shallow water on intertidal mudflats? Continental Shelf Research, 113, 10-20. (doi:10.1016/j.csr.2015.12.003).

Record type: Article

Abstract

A self-designed “bottom boundary layer hydrodynamic and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) measuring system” was built to observe the hydrodynamic and the SSC processes over the intertidal mudflats at the middle part of the Jiangsu coast during August 8–10, 2013. Velocity profiles within 10 cm of the mudflat surface were obtained with a vertical resolution as fine as 1 mm. An ADCP was used to extend the profile over the full water depth with a resolution of 10 cm and the vertical SSC profile was measured at intervals using Optical Backscatter Sensors (OBS). At the same time, water levels and wave conditions were measured with a Tide and Wave Recorder. Measured data suggested that the vertical structure of velocity profiles within 10 cm above the bed maintains a logarithmic distribution during the whole tidal cycle except the slack-water periods. Shallow flows during both the early-flood period and the later-ebb period are characterized by a relatively large vertical velocity gradient and a “surge” feature. We conclude that the very shallow water stages are transient and may not contribute much to the whole water and sediment transport, while they can play a significant role in the formation and evolution of micro-topographies on tidal flats.

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Accepted/In Press date: 14 December 2015
e-pub ahead of print date: 17 December 2015
Published date: 1 February 2016
Keywords: mudflats, field investigation, very shallow water, velocity surge, suspended sediment concentration surge, micro-topography
Organisations: Civil Maritime & Env. Eng & Sci Unit

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 385663
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/385663
ISSN: 0278-4343
PURE UUID: d1d885ac-9686-4ff9-b2c3-f011a2077c49
ORCID for Ian Townend: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2101-3858

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Date deposited: 20 Jan 2016 12:41
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:12

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Contributors

Author: Qian Zhang
Author: Zheng Gong
Author: Changkuan Zhang
Author: Ian Townend ORCID iD
Author: Chuang Jin
Author: Huan Li

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