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PESSTO monitoring of SN 2012hn: further heterogeneity among faint Type I supernovae

PESSTO monitoring of SN 2012hn: further heterogeneity among faint Type I supernovae
PESSTO monitoring of SN 2012hn: further heterogeneity among faint Type I supernovae
We present optical and infrared monitoring data of SN 2012hn collected by the Public European Southern Observatory Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects. We show that SN 2012hn has a faint peak magnitude (MR ? ?15.65) and shows no hydrogen and no clear evidence for helium in its spectral evolution. Instead, we detect prominent Ca?ii lines at all epochs, which relates this transient to previously described ‘Ca-rich’ or ‘gap’ transients. However, the photospheric spectra (from ?3 to +32?d with respect to peak) of SN 2012hn show a series of absorption lines which are unique and a red continuum that is likely intrinsic rather than due to extinction. Lines of Ti?ii and Cr?ii are visible. This may be a temperature effect, which could also explain the red photospheric colour. A nebular spectrum at +150?d shows prominent Ca?ii, O?i, C?i and possibly Mg?i lines which appear similar in strength to those displayed by core-collapse supernovae (SNe). To add to the puzzle, SN 2012hn is located at a projected distance of 6 kpc from an E/S0 host and is not close to any obvious star-forming region. Overall SN 2012hn resembles a group of faint H-poor SNe that have been discovered recently and for which a convincing and consistent physical explanation is still missing. They all appear to explode preferentially in remote locations offset from a massive host galaxy with deep limits on any dwarf host galaxies, favouring old progenitor systems. SN 2012hn adds heterogeneity to this sample of objects. We discuss potential explosion channels including He-shell detonations and double detonations of white dwarfs as well as peculiar core-collapse SNe.
1365-2966
1519-1533
Valenti, S.
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Yuan, F.
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Taubenberger, S.
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Maguire, K.
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Pastorello, A.
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Benetti, S.
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Smartt, S.J.
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Cappellaro, E.
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Howell, D.A.
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Bildsten, L.
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Moore, K.
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Stritzinger, M.
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Anderson, J.P.
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McCrum, M.G.
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Pignata, G.
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Fraser, M.
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Scalzo, R.
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Valenti, S.
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Yuan, F.
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Taubenberger, S.
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Maguire, K.
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Pastorello, A.
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Benetti, S.
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Smartt, S.J.
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Cappellaro, E.
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Howell, D.A.
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Bildsten, L.
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Moore, K.
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Stritzinger, M.
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Benitez-Herrera, S.
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Bufano, F.
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Gonzalez-Gaitan, S.
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McCrum, M.G.
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Pignata, G.
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Fraser, M.
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Gal-Yam, A.
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Le Guillou, L.
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Inserra, C.
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Reichart, D.E.
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Scalzo, R.
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Sullivan, M.
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Yaron, O.
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Young, D.R.
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Valenti, S., Yuan, F., Taubenberger, S., Maguire, K., Pastorello, A., Benetti, S., Smartt, S.J., Cappellaro, E., Howell, D.A., Bildsten, L., Moore, K., Stritzinger, M., Anderson, J.P., Benitez-Herrera, S., Bufano, F., Gonzalez-Gaitan, S., McCrum, M.G., Pignata, G., Fraser, M., Gal-Yam, A., Le Guillou, L., Inserra, C., Reichart, D.E., Scalzo, R., Sullivan, M., Yaron, O. and Young, D.R. (2014) PESSTO monitoring of SN 2012hn: further heterogeneity among faint Type I supernovae. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 437 (2), 1519-1533. (doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1983).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We present optical and infrared monitoring data of SN 2012hn collected by the Public European Southern Observatory Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects. We show that SN 2012hn has a faint peak magnitude (MR ? ?15.65) and shows no hydrogen and no clear evidence for helium in its spectral evolution. Instead, we detect prominent Ca?ii lines at all epochs, which relates this transient to previously described ‘Ca-rich’ or ‘gap’ transients. However, the photospheric spectra (from ?3 to +32?d with respect to peak) of SN 2012hn show a series of absorption lines which are unique and a red continuum that is likely intrinsic rather than due to extinction. Lines of Ti?ii and Cr?ii are visible. This may be a temperature effect, which could also explain the red photospheric colour. A nebular spectrum at +150?d shows prominent Ca?ii, O?i, C?i and possibly Mg?i lines which appear similar in strength to those displayed by core-collapse supernovae (SNe). To add to the puzzle, SN 2012hn is located at a projected distance of 6 kpc from an E/S0 host and is not close to any obvious star-forming region. Overall SN 2012hn resembles a group of faint H-poor SNe that have been discovered recently and for which a convincing and consistent physical explanation is still missing. They all appear to explode preferentially in remote locations offset from a massive host galaxy with deep limits on any dwarf host galaxies, favouring old progenitor systems. SN 2012hn adds heterogeneity to this sample of objects. We discuss potential explosion channels including He-shell detonations and double detonations of white dwarfs as well as peculiar core-collapse SNe.

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1302.2983v2.pdf - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 14 October 2013
e-pub ahead of print date: 13 November 2013
Published date: 11 January 2014
Organisations: Astronomy Group

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Local EPrints ID: 394587
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/394587
ISSN: 1365-2966
PURE UUID: a79d157b-9fee-4311-8b6b-bfca27f39bfc
ORCID for M. Sullivan: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-4820

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Date deposited: 20 May 2016 14:21
Last modified: 18 May 2024 01:46

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Contributors

Author: S. Valenti
Author: F. Yuan
Author: S. Taubenberger
Author: K. Maguire
Author: A. Pastorello
Author: S. Benetti
Author: S.J. Smartt
Author: E. Cappellaro
Author: D.A. Howell
Author: L. Bildsten
Author: K. Moore
Author: M. Stritzinger
Author: J.P. Anderson
Author: S. Benitez-Herrera
Author: F. Bufano
Author: S. Gonzalez-Gaitan
Author: M.G. McCrum
Author: G. Pignata
Author: M. Fraser
Author: A. Gal-Yam
Author: L. Le Guillou
Author: C. Inserra
Author: D.E. Reichart
Author: R. Scalzo
Author: M. Sullivan ORCID iD
Author: O. Yaron
Author: D.R. Young

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