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Epidemiologic features of overseas imported malaria in the People's Republic of China.

Epidemiologic features of overseas imported malaria in the People's Republic of China.
Epidemiologic features of overseas imported malaria in the People's Republic of China.
Background: With the dramatic increase in international travel among Chinese people, the risk of malaria importation from malaria-endemic regions threatens the achievement of the malaria elimination goal of China.

Methods: Epidemiological investigations of all imported malaria cases were conducted in nine provinces of China from 1 Nov, 2013 to 30 Oct, 2014. Plasmodium species, spatiotemporal distribution, clinical severity, preventive measures and infection history of the imported malaria cases were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results: A total of 1420 imported malaria cases were recorded during the study period, with P. falciparum (723 cases, 50.9 %) and P. vivax (629 cases, 44.3 %) being the two predominant species. Among them, 81.8 % of cases were in Chinese overseas labourers. The imported cases returned from 41 countries, mainly located in Africa (58.9 %) and Southeast Asia (39.4 %). About a quarter (25.5 %, 279/1094) of counties in the nine study provinces were affected by imported malaria cases. There were 112 cases (7.9 %) developing complicated malaria, including 12 deaths (case fatality rate: 0.8 %). Only 27.8 % of the imported cases had taken prophylactic anti-malarial drugs. While staying abroad, 27.7 % of the cases had experienced two or more episodes of malaria infection. The awareness of clinical manifestations and the capacity for malaria diagnosis were weak in private clinics and primary healthcare facilities.

Conclusions: Imported malaria infections among Chinese labourers, returned from various countries, poses an increasing challenge to the malaria elimination programme in China. The risk of potential re-introduction of malaria into inland malaria-free areas of China should be urgently addressed.
1475-2875
1-9
Li, Zhongjie
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Zhang, Qian
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Zheng, Canjun
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Zhou, Sheng
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Sun, Junling
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Zhang, Zike
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Geng, Qibin
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Zhang, Honglong
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Wang, Liping
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Lai, Shengjie
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Hu, Wenbiao
ac87e378-67ae-4fa0-abf1-4cefcb0870f9
Clements, Archie C.A.
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Zhou, Xiao-Nong
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Yang, Weizhong
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Li, Zhongjie
f89a98f7-f6d3-4312-995a-bc658ae9a93f
Zhang, Qian
5768ab4e-5e98-4a28-bf41-56a8abb54c64
Zheng, Canjun
036fc2f3-9f4a-439c-9a68-b0f0bf0de6f8
Zhou, Sheng
937338b3-0c1a-4ddb-9fdb-f2cdb88163a6
Sun, Junling
4f56058d-f603-4758-9b92-873ac36de30f
Zhang, Zike
85c05276-59dd-4033-82c9-4d33e872906b
Geng, Qibin
8c0f930c-f49f-40df-b954-fddd27eb9a76
Zhang, Honglong
35d0ccf0-0422-4fcd-a949-a74a83f75e51
Wang, Liping
ef5828b8-d874-42db-bb25-713890281af2
Lai, Shengjie
b57a5fe8-cfb6-4fa7-b414-a98bb891b001
Hu, Wenbiao
ac87e378-67ae-4fa0-abf1-4cefcb0870f9
Clements, Archie C.A.
e1cd8912-66b0-4b99-8167-b68ca3d42ec4
Zhou, Xiao-Nong
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Yang, Weizhong
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Li, Zhongjie, Zhang, Qian, Zheng, Canjun, Zhou, Sheng, Sun, Junling, Zhang, Zike, Geng, Qibin, Zhang, Honglong, Wang, Liping, Lai, Shengjie, Hu, Wenbiao, Clements, Archie C.A., Zhou, Xiao-Nong and Yang, Weizhong (2016) Epidemiologic features of overseas imported malaria in the People's Republic of China. Malaria Journal, 15 (141), 1-9. (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1188-7). (PMID:26946150)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: With the dramatic increase in international travel among Chinese people, the risk of malaria importation from malaria-endemic regions threatens the achievement of the malaria elimination goal of China.

Methods: Epidemiological investigations of all imported malaria cases were conducted in nine provinces of China from 1 Nov, 2013 to 30 Oct, 2014. Plasmodium species, spatiotemporal distribution, clinical severity, preventive measures and infection history of the imported malaria cases were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results: A total of 1420 imported malaria cases were recorded during the study period, with P. falciparum (723 cases, 50.9 %) and P. vivax (629 cases, 44.3 %) being the two predominant species. Among them, 81.8 % of cases were in Chinese overseas labourers. The imported cases returned from 41 countries, mainly located in Africa (58.9 %) and Southeast Asia (39.4 %). About a quarter (25.5 %, 279/1094) of counties in the nine study provinces were affected by imported malaria cases. There were 112 cases (7.9 %) developing complicated malaria, including 12 deaths (case fatality rate: 0.8 %). Only 27.8 % of the imported cases had taken prophylactic anti-malarial drugs. While staying abroad, 27.7 % of the cases had experienced two or more episodes of malaria infection. The awareness of clinical manifestations and the capacity for malaria diagnosis were weak in private clinics and primary healthcare facilities.

Conclusions: Imported malaria infections among Chinese labourers, returned from various countries, poses an increasing challenge to the malaria elimination programme in China. The risk of potential re-introduction of malaria into inland malaria-free areas of China should be urgently addressed.

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Accepted/In Press date: 23 February 2016
Published date: 5 March 2016
Organisations: WorldPop, Population, Health & Wellbeing (PHeW)

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 396774
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/396774
ISSN: 1475-2875
PURE UUID: ddcb265a-f787-4493-a292-9db6fab6089f
ORCID for Shengjie Lai: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-8148

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Date deposited: 14 Jun 2016 09:12
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 04:02

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Contributors

Author: Zhongjie Li
Author: Qian Zhang
Author: Canjun Zheng
Author: Sheng Zhou
Author: Junling Sun
Author: Zike Zhang
Author: Qibin Geng
Author: Honglong Zhang
Author: Liping Wang
Author: Shengjie Lai ORCID iD
Author: Wenbiao Hu
Author: Archie C.A. Clements
Author: Xiao-Nong Zhou
Author: Weizhong Yang

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