Dispatch of vehicle-to-grid battery storage using an analytic hierarchy process

Abstract

The number of electric vehicles (EVs) is expected to increase significantly in the future to combat air pollution and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. This will impact on the power system. However, appropriate charging and discharging of EVs through vehicle-to-grid operations could also provide support for the power system and benefits for the EV owners. This raises the questions of when and how EV battery storage should be dispatched, taking into account both vehicle users’ and power system’s requirements and priorities, as well as the constraints of the battery system. This paper proposes a novel decentralized dispatch strategy based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) taking into account the relative importance of the different criteria including cost, battery state of charge, power system contingency and load levelling. The proposed AHP-based dispatch strategy was tested on an IEEE Reliability Test System with different EV numbers and capacities to investigate the efficacy of such an approach. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of this dispatch strategy.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Suleiman Sharkh: orcid.org/0000-0001-7335-8503

ORCID for Andrew Chipperfield: orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-9890

ORCID for Andrew Cruden: orcid.org/0000-0003-3236-2535

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