The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

Topography-driven isolation, speciation and a global increase of endemism with elevation

Topography-driven isolation, speciation and a global increase of endemism with elevation
Topography-driven isolation, speciation and a global increase of endemism with elevation
Aim: Higher-elevation areas on islands and continental mountains tendto be separated by longer distances, predicting higher endemism at higher elevations; our study is the first to test the generality of the predicted pattern. We also compare it empirically with contrasting expectations from hypotheses invoking higher speciation with area, temperature and species richness.
Location: Thirty-two insular and 18 continental elevational gradients from around the world.
Methods: We compiled entire floras with elevation-specific occurrence information, and calculated the proportion of native species that are endemic (‘percent endemism’) in 100-m bands, for each of the 50 elevational gradients. Using generalized linear models, we tested the relationships between percent endemism and elevation, isolation,temperature, area and species richness.
Results: Percent endemism consistently increased monotonically with elevation, globally. This was independent of richness–elevation relationships, which had varying shapes but decreased with elevation at high elevations. The endemism–elevation relationships were consistent with isolation-related predictions, but inconsistent with hypotheses related to area, richness and temperature.
Main conclusions: Higher per‐species speciation rates caused by increasing isolation with elevation are the most plausible and parsimonious explanation for the globally consistent pattern of higher endemism at higher elevations that we identify. We suggest that topography‐driven isolation increases speciation rates in mountainous areas, across all elevations and increasingly towards the equator. If so, it represents a mechanism that may contribute to generating latitudinal diversity gradients in a way that is consistent with both present‐day and palaeontological evidence.
1466-822X
1097-1107
Steinbauer, Manuel J.
52d28c16-67aa-405a-a658-1a0ff18f5e73
Field, Richard
5f1aeb72-9501-4abb-818a-602e907c71de
Grytnes, John-Arvid
99ea198e-2cf8-472c-bcf7-b8c39a75e923
Trigas, Panayiotis
88e0954f-1fdc-4390-89df-96112ba8a428
Ah-Peng, Claudine
fc26054a-9cd9-4951-ac3e-5f50d84953c0
Attorre, Fabio
ac0212d2-a380-49e8-a0d3-f3c7b81477c3
Birks, H. John B.
8b0c68fb-5fcb-46f4-a8ca-1034ee97c7ae
Borges, Paulo A.V.
d127a65a-de8c-4b37-b903-d4a2fe7cd0e9
Cardoso, Pedro
394c61c1-dbda-4cde-82b1-fe3ddf4504e1
Chou, Chang-Hung
01bc3757-da19-40cc-a11b-566edf69826b
De Sanctis, Michele
af63cf35-c117-4c57-842d-b4ca76cf38ad
de Sequeira, Miguel M.
ba4611e8-5172-4ab7-861f-b5274b21bff8
Duarte, Maria C.
5a4206d8-9dd5-4055-8f7d-f8e8b28d236c
Elias, Rui B.
89182c34-5d2b-4349-89f5-d15ceb646e3b
Fernández-Palacios, José María
94464d8e-4695-4942-af72-1fd91d0b1624
Gabriel, Rosalina
d2f4c917-0347-424d-a26f-86a95270a649
Gereau, Roy E.
da29f502-260e-4073-965e-f6be3bf6b988
Gillespie, Rosemary G.
bb19bc3a-720f-4dee-881f-36e50f50a72c
Greimler, Josef
89ab4de6-86bc-41c1-ac91-0e9cb2287a52
Harter, David E.V.
c03d6893-d541-40da-828d-178ff93f1250
Huang, Tsurng-Juhn
ac22ca77-d3c4-49ee-9286-4337d121eef6
Irl, Severin D.H.
02027fdb-d6e2-4ca8-a7bd-9ed8f0526a27
Jeanmonod, Daniel
e23b0539-a396-4b06-a4ba-7c7dec88d9ea
Jentsch, Anke
7596aed7-f0ce-47e7-881d-0522d102e812
Jump, Alistair S.
c6105ded-7d0e-4355-bef3-6fc80ccecc2b
Kueffer, Christoph
143e1888-5774-46e6-959e-b50c11d91219
Nogue, Sandra
5b464cff-a158-481f-8b7f-647c93d7a034
Otto, Rüdiger
870a6d95-0a63-4fde-abaf-06e153fc5cb7
Price, Jonathan
437f24ee-8065-442b-8fc2-b2eacada0d39
Romeiras, Maria M.
a2f04d16-d662-4b13-8ab4-8dd0b5f1b3de
Strasberg, Dominique
06db5e88-0584-47d6-a7e2-0478303267ed
Stuessy, Tod
4bd7d0a0-fa27-489e-ae0c-89a66d887d99
Svenning, Jens-Christian
4f5dba2a-4f89-406a-a11a-416e3aae0d7b
Vetaas, Ole R.
a1166ab0-43ea-4508-ba44-82b96ef3a733
Beierkuhnlein, Carl
0390de57-4ff2-485b-b89b-160d696cf146
Steinbauer, Manuel J.
52d28c16-67aa-405a-a658-1a0ff18f5e73
Field, Richard
5f1aeb72-9501-4abb-818a-602e907c71de
Grytnes, John-Arvid
99ea198e-2cf8-472c-bcf7-b8c39a75e923
Trigas, Panayiotis
88e0954f-1fdc-4390-89df-96112ba8a428
Ah-Peng, Claudine
fc26054a-9cd9-4951-ac3e-5f50d84953c0
Attorre, Fabio
ac0212d2-a380-49e8-a0d3-f3c7b81477c3
Birks, H. John B.
8b0c68fb-5fcb-46f4-a8ca-1034ee97c7ae
Borges, Paulo A.V.
d127a65a-de8c-4b37-b903-d4a2fe7cd0e9
Cardoso, Pedro
394c61c1-dbda-4cde-82b1-fe3ddf4504e1
Chou, Chang-Hung
01bc3757-da19-40cc-a11b-566edf69826b
De Sanctis, Michele
af63cf35-c117-4c57-842d-b4ca76cf38ad
de Sequeira, Miguel M.
ba4611e8-5172-4ab7-861f-b5274b21bff8
Duarte, Maria C.
5a4206d8-9dd5-4055-8f7d-f8e8b28d236c
Elias, Rui B.
89182c34-5d2b-4349-89f5-d15ceb646e3b
Fernández-Palacios, José María
94464d8e-4695-4942-af72-1fd91d0b1624
Gabriel, Rosalina
d2f4c917-0347-424d-a26f-86a95270a649
Gereau, Roy E.
da29f502-260e-4073-965e-f6be3bf6b988
Gillespie, Rosemary G.
bb19bc3a-720f-4dee-881f-36e50f50a72c
Greimler, Josef
89ab4de6-86bc-41c1-ac91-0e9cb2287a52
Harter, David E.V.
c03d6893-d541-40da-828d-178ff93f1250
Huang, Tsurng-Juhn
ac22ca77-d3c4-49ee-9286-4337d121eef6
Irl, Severin D.H.
02027fdb-d6e2-4ca8-a7bd-9ed8f0526a27
Jeanmonod, Daniel
e23b0539-a396-4b06-a4ba-7c7dec88d9ea
Jentsch, Anke
7596aed7-f0ce-47e7-881d-0522d102e812
Jump, Alistair S.
c6105ded-7d0e-4355-bef3-6fc80ccecc2b
Kueffer, Christoph
143e1888-5774-46e6-959e-b50c11d91219
Nogue, Sandra
5b464cff-a158-481f-8b7f-647c93d7a034
Otto, Rüdiger
870a6d95-0a63-4fde-abaf-06e153fc5cb7
Price, Jonathan
437f24ee-8065-442b-8fc2-b2eacada0d39
Romeiras, Maria M.
a2f04d16-d662-4b13-8ab4-8dd0b5f1b3de
Strasberg, Dominique
06db5e88-0584-47d6-a7e2-0478303267ed
Stuessy, Tod
4bd7d0a0-fa27-489e-ae0c-89a66d887d99
Svenning, Jens-Christian
4f5dba2a-4f89-406a-a11a-416e3aae0d7b
Vetaas, Ole R.
a1166ab0-43ea-4508-ba44-82b96ef3a733
Beierkuhnlein, Carl
0390de57-4ff2-485b-b89b-160d696cf146

Steinbauer, Manuel J., Field, Richard, Grytnes, John-Arvid, Trigas, Panayiotis, Ah-Peng, Claudine, Attorre, Fabio, Birks, H. John B., Borges, Paulo A.V., Cardoso, Pedro, Chou, Chang-Hung, De Sanctis, Michele, de Sequeira, Miguel M., Duarte, Maria C., Elias, Rui B., Fernández-Palacios, José María, Gabriel, Rosalina, Gereau, Roy E., Gillespie, Rosemary G., Greimler, Josef, Harter, David E.V., Huang, Tsurng-Juhn, Irl, Severin D.H., Jeanmonod, Daniel, Jentsch, Anke, Jump, Alistair S., Kueffer, Christoph, Nogue, Sandra, Otto, Rüdiger, Price, Jonathan, Romeiras, Maria M., Strasberg, Dominique, Stuessy, Tod, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Vetaas, Ole R. and Beierkuhnlein, Carl (2016) Topography-driven isolation, speciation and a global increase of endemism with elevation. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 25 (9), 1097-1107. (doi:10.1111/geb.12469).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Aim: Higher-elevation areas on islands and continental mountains tendto be separated by longer distances, predicting higher endemism at higher elevations; our study is the first to test the generality of the predicted pattern. We also compare it empirically with contrasting expectations from hypotheses invoking higher speciation with area, temperature and species richness.
Location: Thirty-two insular and 18 continental elevational gradients from around the world.
Methods: We compiled entire floras with elevation-specific occurrence information, and calculated the proportion of native species that are endemic (‘percent endemism’) in 100-m bands, for each of the 50 elevational gradients. Using generalized linear models, we tested the relationships between percent endemism and elevation, isolation,temperature, area and species richness.
Results: Percent endemism consistently increased monotonically with elevation, globally. This was independent of richness–elevation relationships, which had varying shapes but decreased with elevation at high elevations. The endemism–elevation relationships were consistent with isolation-related predictions, but inconsistent with hypotheses related to area, richness and temperature.
Main conclusions: Higher per‐species speciation rates caused by increasing isolation with elevation are the most plausible and parsimonious explanation for the globally consistent pattern of higher endemism at higher elevations that we identify. We suggest that topography‐driven isolation increases speciation rates in mountainous areas, across all elevations and increasingly towards the equator. If so, it represents a mechanism that may contribute to generating latitudinal diversity gradients in a way that is consistent with both present‐day and palaeontological evidence.

Text
steinbaueret al_GEB2016.pdf - Accepted Manuscript
Download (1MB)

More information

Accepted/In Press date: 1 April 2016
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 June 2016
Published date: 16 August 2016
Organisations: Palaeoenvironment Laboratory (PLUS)

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 398553
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/398553
ISSN: 1466-822X
PURE UUID: c0c95449-418f-4a80-a9d7-77e2c6bca506
ORCID for Sandra Nogue: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0093-4252

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 29 Jul 2016 10:49
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 05:46

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: Manuel J. Steinbauer
Author: Richard Field
Author: John-Arvid Grytnes
Author: Panayiotis Trigas
Author: Claudine Ah-Peng
Author: Fabio Attorre
Author: H. John B. Birks
Author: Paulo A.V. Borges
Author: Pedro Cardoso
Author: Chang-Hung Chou
Author: Michele De Sanctis
Author: Miguel M. de Sequeira
Author: Maria C. Duarte
Author: Rui B. Elias
Author: José María Fernández-Palacios
Author: Rosalina Gabriel
Author: Roy E. Gereau
Author: Rosemary G. Gillespie
Author: Josef Greimler
Author: David E.V. Harter
Author: Tsurng-Juhn Huang
Author: Severin D.H. Irl
Author: Daniel Jeanmonod
Author: Anke Jentsch
Author: Alistair S. Jump
Author: Christoph Kueffer
Author: Sandra Nogue ORCID iD
Author: Rüdiger Otto
Author: Jonathan Price
Author: Maria M. Romeiras
Author: Dominique Strasberg
Author: Tod Stuessy
Author: Jens-Christian Svenning
Author: Ole R. Vetaas
Author: Carl Beierkuhnlein

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×