The effect of population variation on the accuracy of sex estimates derived from basal occipital discriminant functions
The effect of population variation on the accuracy of sex estimates derived from basal occipital discriminant functions
Multiple discriminant functions that estimate sex from the dimensions of the basal occipital have been published. However, as there is limited exploration of basal dimension variation between groups, the accuracy of these functions when applied to archaeological material is unknown. This study compares basal dimensions between four known sex-at-death post-medieval European samples and explores how metric differences impact on the accuracy of sex assessment discriminant functions. Published data from St Bride’s, London (n = 146) and the Georges Olivier collection, Paris (n = 68) were compared with new data from the eighteenth to nineteenth century Dutch Middenbeemster sample (n = 74) and the early twentieth century Rainer sample, Romania (n = 282) using independent t tests. The Middenbeemster and Rainer data were substituted into six published discriminant functions derived from the St Bride’s and the Georges Olivier samples, and the results were compared to their known sex. Multiple statistically significant differences were found between the four groups. Of the six discriminant functions tested, five failed to reach the published accuracy and fell below chance. In addition, even where the samples were statistically comparable in means, trends for difference also impacted the accuracy of discriminant functions. Enough variation in basal occipital dimensions existed in the European groups to decrease the accuracy of sex estimation discriminant functions to unusable. Possible inter-observer error, varying genetic, socioeconomic, and geographical factors are likely causes of dimension variation. This research further highlights the dangers of using sex estimation discriminant functions on samples that differ to the original derivative population and demonstrates the need for more rigorous testing.
675–683
Inskip, S.
02c7f989-5572-4e0d-9aca-a3e95dcd3188
Constantinescu, M.
86d29153-0432-4351-9e3a-67c270589eca
Brinkman, A.
b32c4ef2-cb34-4251-98fd-1d8bb7678b42
Hoogland, M.
95ec4ce7-7f68-4687-92ae-375739a7bb75
Sofaer, J.
038f9eb2-5863-46ef-8eaf-fb2513b75ee2
2016
Inskip, S.
02c7f989-5572-4e0d-9aca-a3e95dcd3188
Constantinescu, M.
86d29153-0432-4351-9e3a-67c270589eca
Brinkman, A.
b32c4ef2-cb34-4251-98fd-1d8bb7678b42
Hoogland, M.
95ec4ce7-7f68-4687-92ae-375739a7bb75
Sofaer, J.
038f9eb2-5863-46ef-8eaf-fb2513b75ee2
Inskip, S., Constantinescu, M., Brinkman, A., Hoogland, M. and Sofaer, J.
(2016)
The effect of population variation on the accuracy of sex estimates derived from basal occipital discriminant functions.
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 10, .
(doi:10.1007/s12520-016-0380-6).
Abstract
Multiple discriminant functions that estimate sex from the dimensions of the basal occipital have been published. However, as there is limited exploration of basal dimension variation between groups, the accuracy of these functions when applied to archaeological material is unknown. This study compares basal dimensions between four known sex-at-death post-medieval European samples and explores how metric differences impact on the accuracy of sex assessment discriminant functions. Published data from St Bride’s, London (n = 146) and the Georges Olivier collection, Paris (n = 68) were compared with new data from the eighteenth to nineteenth century Dutch Middenbeemster sample (n = 74) and the early twentieth century Rainer sample, Romania (n = 282) using independent t tests. The Middenbeemster and Rainer data were substituted into six published discriminant functions derived from the St Bride’s and the Georges Olivier samples, and the results were compared to their known sex. Multiple statistically significant differences were found between the four groups. Of the six discriminant functions tested, five failed to reach the published accuracy and fell below chance. In addition, even where the samples were statistically comparable in means, trends for difference also impacted the accuracy of discriminant functions. Enough variation in basal occipital dimensions existed in the European groups to decrease the accuracy of sex estimation discriminant functions to unusable. Possible inter-observer error, varying genetic, socioeconomic, and geographical factors are likely causes of dimension variation. This research further highlights the dangers of using sex estimation discriminant functions on samples that differ to the original derivative population and demonstrates the need for more rigorous testing.
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Accepted/In Press date: 27 August 2016
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 September 2016
Published date: 2016
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Archaeology
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Local EPrints ID: 400187
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/400187
ISSN: 1866-9557
PURE UUID: a8f74686-aafe-4c02-9270-fe732e6249b1
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Date deposited: 13 Sep 2016 08:12
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 05:52
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Author:
S. Inskip
Author:
M. Constantinescu
Author:
A. Brinkman
Author:
M. Hoogland
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