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Absorption measurement errors in single-mode fibers resulting from re-emission of radiation

Absorption measurement errors in single-mode fibers resulting from re-emission of radiation
Absorption measurement errors in single-mode fibers resulting from re-emission of radiation
We investigate errors in small-signal absorption spectra that can result from re-emission of absorbed photons in fibers with overlapping absorption and emission spectra. Experiments on Er-doped fibers as well as simulations of Er and Yb-doped single-mode fibers show that the re-emission can severely distort the spectral shape, especially the peak, under common measurement conditions. Errors can reach well over 10% already at 30 dB peak absorption, and 5% at 20 dB, if only the source or the detector is spectrally filtered. Re-emission can then be the dominant source of error. These levels of absorption are well within the dynamic range of commonly-used equipment, so it is easy to make the mistake of measuring too high absorption and thus introduce re-emission errors. The error increases for higher fiber-NA, and for sufficiently high NA, a significant error remains also in low-absorbing fibers, even in the limit of zero absorption. The error can then reach 5% at the peak of a 0.46-NA Yb-doped fiber. Furthermore, in contrast to the case of high absorption levels, the error is larger for longer wavelengths than it is at the peak. On the other hand, if both source and detector are spectrally filtered with 0.1 nm bandwidth then the re-emission error becomes as low as around 1% even for as much as 90 dB absorption. At such high absorption, other sources of error such as receiver noise and saturation effects are likely to be higher, so that re-emission are no longer significant. We also conclude that that standard amplifier models are well suited to simulations of the rich physics of absorption measurements of single-mode fibers. Original spreadsheet updated 2017-05-04 to combine fig 5a and fig 5b into a single fig 5. Funded by AFOSR (FA9550-14-1-0382).
spectroscopy, fiber characterization, absorption
University of Southampton
Feng, Yutong
8257a816-5e4a-47bc-8aa2-e364c4d6e21e
Zhang, Betty Meng
93b8aca7-c6ae-45b9-9bcd-c201fdf2d116
Zhao, Junqing
71d8c669-59b0-4082-93b1-f0694f2736bf
Zhu, Sheng
0c71d889-2dbe-4bcc-add0-02e00d93cc77
Price, Jonathan
fddcce17-291b-4d01-bd38-8fb0453abdc8
Nilsson, Lars
f41d0948-4ca9-4b93-b44d-680ca0bf157b
Feng, Yutong
8257a816-5e4a-47bc-8aa2-e364c4d6e21e
Zhang, Betty Meng
93b8aca7-c6ae-45b9-9bcd-c201fdf2d116
Zhao, Junqing
71d8c669-59b0-4082-93b1-f0694f2736bf
Zhu, Sheng
0c71d889-2dbe-4bcc-add0-02e00d93cc77
Price, Jonathan
fddcce17-291b-4d01-bd38-8fb0453abdc8
Nilsson, Lars
f41d0948-4ca9-4b93-b44d-680ca0bf157b

Feng, Yutong, Zhang, Betty Meng, Zhao, Junqing, Zhu, Sheng, Price, Jonathan and Nilsson, Lars (2016) Absorption measurement errors in single-mode fibers resulting from re-emission of radiation. University of Southampton doi:10.5258/SOTON/402866 [Dataset]

Record type: Dataset

Abstract

We investigate errors in small-signal absorption spectra that can result from re-emission of absorbed photons in fibers with overlapping absorption and emission spectra. Experiments on Er-doped fibers as well as simulations of Er and Yb-doped single-mode fibers show that the re-emission can severely distort the spectral shape, especially the peak, under common measurement conditions. Errors can reach well over 10% already at 30 dB peak absorption, and 5% at 20 dB, if only the source or the detector is spectrally filtered. Re-emission can then be the dominant source of error. These levels of absorption are well within the dynamic range of commonly-used equipment, so it is easy to make the mistake of measuring too high absorption and thus introduce re-emission errors. The error increases for higher fiber-NA, and for sufficiently high NA, a significant error remains also in low-absorbing fibers, even in the limit of zero absorption. The error can then reach 5% at the peak of a 0.46-NA Yb-doped fiber. Furthermore, in contrast to the case of high absorption levels, the error is larger for longer wavelengths than it is at the peak. On the other hand, if both source and detector are spectrally filtered with 0.1 nm bandwidth then the re-emission error becomes as low as around 1% even for as much as 90 dB absorption. At such high absorption, other sources of error such as receiver noise and saturation effects are likely to be higher, so that re-emission are no longer significant. We also conclude that that standard amplifier models are well suited to simulations of the rich physics of absorption measurements of single-mode fibers. Original spreadsheet updated 2017-05-04 to combine fig 5a and fig 5b into a single fig 5. Funded by AFOSR (FA9550-14-1-0382).

Spreadsheet
Library_Research_Data_Da_Figures.xlsx - Dataset
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
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More information

Published date: 2016
Keywords: spectroscopy, fiber characterization, absorption
Organisations: ORC Research, Optoelectronics Research Centre
Projects:
FLITES : Fibre-Laser Imaging of gas Turbine Exhaust Species (ORC)
Funded by: UNSPECIFIED (EP/J00278X/1)
25 June 2012 to 24 June 2016
EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Photonics
Funded by: UNSPECIFIED (EP/H02607X/1)
1 July 2010 to 30 June 2015
Projects 0 not found.

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 402866
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/402866
PURE UUID: 298af346-1b0b-4655-bf49-ebcc282ae141
ORCID for Yutong Feng: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6839-2106
ORCID for Sheng Zhu: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4256-6307
ORCID for Jonathan Price: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0256-9172
ORCID for Lars Nilsson: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-7959

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 12 Dec 2016 14:57
Last modified: 05 Nov 2023 02:36

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Contributors

Creator: Yutong Feng ORCID iD
Creator: Betty Meng Zhang
Creator: Junqing Zhao
Creator: Sheng Zhu ORCID iD
Creator: Jonathan Price ORCID iD
Creator: Lars Nilsson ORCID iD

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