Dynamic interactions of an integrated vehicle–electromagnetic energy harvester–tire system subject to uneven road excitations

Abstract

An investigation is undertaken of an integrated
mechanical-electromagnetic coupling system consisting of a
rigid vehiclewith heave, roll, and pitchmotions, four electromagnetic
energy harvesters and four tires subject to uneven
road excitations in order to improve the passengers’ riding
comfort and harvest the lost engine energy due to uneven
roads. Following the derived mathematical formulations and
the proposed solution approaches, the numerical simulations
of this interaction system subject to a continuous sinusoidal
road excitation and a single ramp impact are completed. The
simulation results are presented as the dynamic response
curves in the forms of the frequency spectrum and the time
history, which reveals the complex interaction characteristics
of the system for vibration reductions and energy harvesting
performance. It has addressed the coupling effects on the
dynamic characteristics of the integrated system caused by:
(1) the natural modes and frequencies of the vehicle; (2) the
vehicle rolling and pitching motions; (3) different road excitations
on four wheels; (4) the time delay of a road ramp to
impact both the front and rear wheels, etc., which cannot be
tackled by an often used quarter vehicle model. The guidelines
for engineering applications are given. The developed
coupling model and the revealed concept provide a means
with analysis idea to investigate the details of four energy
harvester motions for electromagnetic suspension designs
in order to replace the current passive vehicle isolators and
to harvest the lost engine energy. Potential further research
directions are suggested for readers to consider in the future.

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