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On the early-time excess emission in hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae

On the early-time excess emission in hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae
On the early-time excess emission in hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae
We present the light curves of the hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe I) PTF 12dam and iPTF 13dcc, discovered by the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory. Both show excess emission at early times and a slowly declining light curve at late times. The early bump in PTF 12dam is very similar in duration (˜10 days) and brightness relative to the main peak (2-3 mag fainter) compared to that observed in other SLSNe I. In contrast, the long-duration (>30 days) early excess emission in iPTF 13dcc, whose brightness competes with that of the main peak, appears to be of a different nature. We construct bolometric light curves for both targets, and fit a variety of light-curve models to both the early bump and main peak in an attempt to understand the nature of these explosions. Even though the slope of the late-time decline in the light curves of both SLSNe is suggestively close to that expected from the radioactive decay of 56Ni and 56Co, the amount of nickel required to power the full light curves is too large considering the estimated ejecta mass. The magnetar model including an increasing escape fraction provides a reasonable description of the PTF 12dam observations. However, neither the basic nor the double-peaked magnetar model is capable of reproducing the light curve of iPTF 13dcc. A model combining a shock breakout in an extended envelope with late-time magnetar energy injection provides a reasonable fit to the iPTF 13dcc observations. Finally, we find that the light curves of both PTF 12dam and iPTF 13dcc can be adequately fit with the model involving interaction with the circumstellar medium.
supernovae: general, supernovae: individual: PTF 12dam, iPTF 13dcc
0004-637X
1-19
Vreeswijk, Paul M.
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Leloudas, Giorgos
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Gal-Yam, Avishay
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De Cia, Annalisa
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Perley, Daniel A.
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Quimby, Robert M.
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Waldman, Roni
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Sullivan, Mark
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Yan, Lin
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Ofek, Eran O.
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Fremling, Christoffer
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Taddia, Francesco
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Sollerman, Jesper
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Valenti, Stefano
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Arcavi, Iair
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Howell, D. Andrew
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Filippenko, Alexei V.
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Cenko, S. Bradley
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Yaron, Ofer
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Kasliwal, Mansi M.
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Cao, Yi
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Ben-Ami, Sagi
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Horesh, Assaf
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Rubin, Adam
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Lunnan, Ragnhild
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Nugent, Peter E.
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Laher, Russ
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Rebbapragada, Umaa D.
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Woźniak, Przemysław
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Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
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Vreeswijk, Paul M.
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Leloudas, Giorgos
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Gal-Yam, Avishay
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De Cia, Annalisa
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Perley, Daniel A.
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Quimby, Robert M.
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Waldman, Roni
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Sullivan, Mark
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Yan, Lin
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Ofek, Eran O.
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Fremling, Christoffer
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Taddia, Francesco
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Sollerman, Jesper
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Valenti, Stefano
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Arcavi, Iair
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Howell, D. Andrew
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Filippenko, Alexei V.
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Cenko, S. Bradley
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Yaron, Ofer
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Kasliwal, Mansi M.
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Cao, Yi
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Ben-Ami, Sagi
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Horesh, Assaf
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Rubin, Adam
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Lunnan, Ragnhild
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Nugent, Peter E.
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Laher, Russ
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Rebbapragada, Umaa D.
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Woźniak, Przemysław
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Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
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Vreeswijk, Paul M., Leloudas, Giorgos, Gal-Yam, Avishay, De Cia, Annalisa, Perley, Daniel A., Quimby, Robert M., Waldman, Roni, Sullivan, Mark, Yan, Lin, Ofek, Eran O., Fremling, Christoffer, Taddia, Francesco, Sollerman, Jesper, Valenti, Stefano, Arcavi, Iair, Howell, D. Andrew, Filippenko, Alexei V., Cenko, S. Bradley, Yaron, Ofer, Kasliwal, Mansi M., Cao, Yi, Ben-Ami, Sagi, Horesh, Assaf, Rubin, Adam, Lunnan, Ragnhild, Nugent, Peter E., Laher, Russ, Rebbapragada, Umaa D., Woźniak, Przemysław and Kulkarni, Shrinivas R. (2017) On the early-time excess emission in hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae. The Astrophysical Journal, 835 (1), 1-19. (doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/58).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We present the light curves of the hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe I) PTF 12dam and iPTF 13dcc, discovered by the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory. Both show excess emission at early times and a slowly declining light curve at late times. The early bump in PTF 12dam is very similar in duration (˜10 days) and brightness relative to the main peak (2-3 mag fainter) compared to that observed in other SLSNe I. In contrast, the long-duration (>30 days) early excess emission in iPTF 13dcc, whose brightness competes with that of the main peak, appears to be of a different nature. We construct bolometric light curves for both targets, and fit a variety of light-curve models to both the early bump and main peak in an attempt to understand the nature of these explosions. Even though the slope of the late-time decline in the light curves of both SLSNe is suggestively close to that expected from the radioactive decay of 56Ni and 56Co, the amount of nickel required to power the full light curves is too large considering the estimated ejecta mass. The magnetar model including an increasing escape fraction provides a reasonable description of the PTF 12dam observations. However, neither the basic nor the double-peaked magnetar model is capable of reproducing the light curve of iPTF 13dcc. A model combining a shock breakout in an extended envelope with late-time magnetar energy injection provides a reasonable fit to the iPTF 13dcc observations. Finally, we find that the light curves of both PTF 12dam and iPTF 13dcc can be adequately fit with the model involving interaction with the circumstellar medium.

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Accepted/In Press date: 29 November 2016
e-pub ahead of print date: 18 January 2017
Published date: 20 January 2017
Keywords: supernovae: general, supernovae: individual: PTF 12dam, iPTF 13dcc

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 413401
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/413401
ISSN: 0004-637X
PURE UUID: f7bf82b9-9d21-451d-9a06-ae3a566893a7
ORCID for Mark Sullivan: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-4820

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Date deposited: 23 Aug 2017 16:32
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 04:12

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Contributors

Author: Paul M. Vreeswijk
Author: Giorgos Leloudas
Author: Avishay Gal-Yam
Author: Annalisa De Cia
Author: Daniel A. Perley
Author: Robert M. Quimby
Author: Roni Waldman
Author: Mark Sullivan ORCID iD
Author: Lin Yan
Author: Eran O. Ofek
Author: Christoffer Fremling
Author: Francesco Taddia
Author: Jesper Sollerman
Author: Stefano Valenti
Author: Iair Arcavi
Author: D. Andrew Howell
Author: Alexei V. Filippenko
Author: S. Bradley Cenko
Author: Ofer Yaron
Author: Mansi M. Kasliwal
Author: Yi Cao
Author: Sagi Ben-Ami
Author: Assaf Horesh
Author: Adam Rubin
Author: Ragnhild Lunnan
Author: Peter E. Nugent
Author: Russ Laher
Author: Umaa D. Rebbapragada
Author: Przemysław Woźniak
Author: Shrinivas R. Kulkarni

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