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1.07 – Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates

1.07 – Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates
1.07 – Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates

In eukaryotes, the majority of cell surface and secreted proteins are covalently modified with carbohydrates. This type of posttranslational modification, glycosylation, is inherently complex exhibiting extensive chemical and conformational heterogeneity. Despite this complexity, there are common structural and biosynthetic principles. Here, we present an introduction to the different hierarchies of carbohydrate structure from stereochemistry of monosaccharides and their linkages to the structural diversity of complex mammalian glycosylation. These structures are discussed in the context of the glycan biosynthetic pathways, with an emphasis on N-linked glycosylation, and we outline the nomenclature with which these complex structures can be described. We describe the biosynthesis and crystal structures of antibodies and their glycans to illustrate the conformational properties of glycoprotein carbohydrates and how therapeutic antibodies are being developed by modulating these glycans.

73-90
Elsevier Inc.
Crispin, M.
cd980957-0943-4b89-b2b2-710f01f33bc9
Scanlan, C. N.
04dd1b57-b6fc-414c-8595-08310dbb3d32
Bowden, T. A.
4b17a588-ac01-4112-807a-8b99a6c20d0f
Moo-Young, M.
Crispin, M.
cd980957-0943-4b89-b2b2-710f01f33bc9
Scanlan, C. N.
04dd1b57-b6fc-414c-8595-08310dbb3d32
Bowden, T. A.
4b17a588-ac01-4112-807a-8b99a6c20d0f
Moo-Young, M.

Crispin, M., Scanlan, C. N. and Bowden, T. A. (2011) 1.07 – Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates. In, Moo-Young, M. (ed.) Scientific Fundamentals of Biotechnology. (Reference Module in Life Sciences, 1) 2nd ed. Elsevier Inc., pp. 73-90. (doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-088504-9.00009-X).

Record type: Book Section

Abstract

In eukaryotes, the majority of cell surface and secreted proteins are covalently modified with carbohydrates. This type of posttranslational modification, glycosylation, is inherently complex exhibiting extensive chemical and conformational heterogeneity. Despite this complexity, there are common structural and biosynthetic principles. Here, we present an introduction to the different hierarchies of carbohydrate structure from stereochemistry of monosaccharides and their linkages to the structural diversity of complex mammalian glycosylation. These structures are discussed in the context of the glycan biosynthetic pathways, with an emphasis on N-linked glycosylation, and we outline the nomenclature with which these complex structures can be described. We describe the biosynthesis and crystal structures of antibodies and their glycans to illustrate the conformational properties of glycoprotein carbohydrates and how therapeutic antibodies are being developed by modulating these glycans.

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More information

e-pub ahead of print date: 14 October 2011
Published date: 2011

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 414540
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/414540
PURE UUID: 188be830-c1a6-42c2-bc96-44c40093d8fb
ORCID for M. Crispin: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-2694

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 03 Oct 2017 16:31
Last modified: 06 Jun 2024 01:59

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Contributors

Author: M. Crispin ORCID iD
Author: C. N. Scanlan
Author: T. A. Bowden
Editor: M. Moo-Young

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