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Expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype of PURA syndrome

Expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype of PURA syndrome
Expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype of PURA syndrome
PURA syndrome is a recently described developmental encephalopathy presenting with neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, and frequent apnea and epilepsy. We describe 18 new individuals with heterozygous sequence variations in PURA. A neuromotor disorder starting with neonatal hyptonia, but ultimately allowing delayed progression to walking, was present in nearly all individuals. Congenital apnea was present in 56% during infancy, but all cases in this cohort resolved during the first year of life. Feeding difficulties were frequently reported, with gastrostomy tube placement required in 28%. Epilepsy was present in 50% of the subjects, including infantile spasms and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. Skeletal complications were found in 39%. Disorders of gastrointestinal motility and nystagmus were also recurrent features. Autism was diagnosed in one individual, potentially expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype associated with this syndrome. However, we did not find additional PURA sequence variations in a cohort of 120 subjects with autism. We also present the first neuropathologic studies of PURA syndrome, and describe chronic inflammatory changes around the arterioles within the deep white matter. We did not find significant correlations between mutational class and severity, nor between location of the sequence variation in PUR repeat domains. Further studies are required in larger cohorts of subjects with PURA syndrome to clarify these genotype–phenotype associations.
1552-4825
56-67
Lee, Bo Hoon
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Reijnders, Margot R.F.
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Abubakare, Oluwatobi
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Tuttle, Emily
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Lape, Brynn
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Minks, Kelly Q.
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Stodgell, Christopher
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Bennetto, Loisa
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Kwon, Jennifer
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Fong, Chin-To
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Gripp, Karen W.
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Marsh, Eric D.
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Smith, Wendy E.
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Huq, Ahm N.
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Coury, Stephanie A.
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Tan, Wen-Hann
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Solis, Orestes
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Mehta, Rupal I.
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Leventer, Richard J.
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Baralle, Diana
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Hunt, David
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Paciorkowski, Alex R.
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Lee, Bo Hoon
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Reijnders, Margot R.F.
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Abubakare, Oluwatobi
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Tuttle, Emily
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Lape, Brynn
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Minks, Kelly Q.
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Stodgell, Christopher
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Bennetto, Loisa
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Kwon, Jennifer
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Fong, Chin-To
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Gripp, Karen W.
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Marsh, Eric D.
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Smith, Wendy E.
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Huq, Ahm N.
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Coury, Stephanie A.
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Tan, Wen-Hann
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Solis, Orestes
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Mehta, Rupal I.
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Leventer, Richard J.
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Baralle, Diana
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Hunt, David
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Paciorkowski, Alex R.
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Lee, Bo Hoon, Reijnders, Margot R.F., Abubakare, Oluwatobi, Tuttle, Emily, Lape, Brynn, Minks, Kelly Q., Stodgell, Christopher, Bennetto, Loisa, Kwon, Jennifer, Fong, Chin-To, Gripp, Karen W., Marsh, Eric D., Smith, Wendy E., Huq, Ahm N., Coury, Stephanie A., Tan, Wen-Hann, Solis, Orestes, Mehta, Rupal I., Leventer, Richard J., Baralle, Diana, Hunt, David and Paciorkowski, Alex R. (2018) Expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype of PURA syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics part A, 176 (1), 56-67. (doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.38521).

Record type: Article

Abstract

PURA syndrome is a recently described developmental encephalopathy presenting with neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, and frequent apnea and epilepsy. We describe 18 new individuals with heterozygous sequence variations in PURA. A neuromotor disorder starting with neonatal hyptonia, but ultimately allowing delayed progression to walking, was present in nearly all individuals. Congenital apnea was present in 56% during infancy, but all cases in this cohort resolved during the first year of life. Feeding difficulties were frequently reported, with gastrostomy tube placement required in 28%. Epilepsy was present in 50% of the subjects, including infantile spasms and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. Skeletal complications were found in 39%. Disorders of gastrointestinal motility and nystagmus were also recurrent features. Autism was diagnosed in one individual, potentially expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype associated with this syndrome. However, we did not find additional PURA sequence variations in a cohort of 120 subjects with autism. We also present the first neuropathologic studies of PURA syndrome, and describe chronic inflammatory changes around the arterioles within the deep white matter. We did not find significant correlations between mutational class and severity, nor between location of the sequence variation in PUR repeat domains. Further studies are required in larger cohorts of subjects with PURA syndrome to clarify these genotype–phenotype associations.

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Accepted/In Press date: 8 October 2017
e-pub ahead of print date: 17 November 2017
Published date: January 2018

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 415736
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/415736
ISSN: 1552-4825
PURE UUID: c6a21a48-189b-45e4-9bde-49aa07336a7d
ORCID for Diana Baralle: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3217-4833

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Date deposited: 21 Nov 2017 17:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:57

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Contributors

Author: Bo Hoon Lee
Author: Margot R.F. Reijnders
Author: Oluwatobi Abubakare
Author: Emily Tuttle
Author: Brynn Lape
Author: Kelly Q. Minks
Author: Christopher Stodgell
Author: Loisa Bennetto
Author: Jennifer Kwon
Author: Chin-To Fong
Author: Karen W. Gripp
Author: Eric D. Marsh
Author: Wendy E. Smith
Author: Ahm N. Huq
Author: Stephanie A. Coury
Author: Wen-Hann Tan
Author: Orestes Solis
Author: Rupal I. Mehta
Author: Richard J. Leventer
Author: Diana Baralle ORCID iD
Author: David Hunt
Author: Alex R. Paciorkowski

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