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Prevalence and longitudinal trends of food allergy during childhood and adolescence:: results of the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort study

Prevalence and longitudinal trends of food allergy during childhood and adolescence:: results of the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort study
Prevalence and longitudinal trends of food allergy during childhood and adolescence:: results of the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort study
Background: The prevalence and time trends of food allergy change during childhood depending on the age of the child and the type of food.Objective: To study prevalence and longitudinal trends in food allergy from birth to 18 years in an unselected birth cohort in the Isle of Wight.Method: Information on food allergy was collected at ages 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years from the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (n = 1456). Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed at the age of 1 and 2 years in symptomatic children. At 4, 10 and 18 years of age, participants were tested to a panel of food and aero-allergens. Food allergy was diagnosed based on the criteria: symptoms suggestive of a typical IgE mediated reaction and reaction <4 hours following exposure to a known food allergen. McNemar's test was used to determine significance of changes in prevalence over time.Results: The prevalence of food allergy remained relatively constant in early childhood (5.3%, 4.4% and 5.0% at 1, 2 and 4 years respectively), with significant decline at 10 years (2.3%, p<0.001 versus 4 years) followed by significant rise at 18 years (4%, p=0.02 versus 10 years). Cow's milk (1.6-3.5%) and egg (1.1-1.4%) were the most common allergens in the first 10 years with peanut (1%) and tree-nuts (0.5%) becoming more prevalent beyond 10 years. Fruit and wheat allergy were less common at 10 years, and shellfish and kiwi emerged during adolescence. The prevalence of food allergy plus positive SPT were 1.3%, 0.8%, 0.8%, 0.9% and 2.2% at 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years respectively.Conclusion: Food allergy is highly prevalent in infancy with partial resolution during late childhood. However, a number of children acquire new food allergy during adolescence resulting in a relatively higher prevalence at 18 years.
0954-7894
394-402
Venkataraman, D.
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Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, M.
cce68767-8d78-45ad-bb00-3da4f83d4ea6
Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh
9c7b8105-2892-49f2-8775-54d4961e3e74
Potter, S.
bfe8461d-7483-4151-820e-47dbba3e90a4
Roberts, G.
ea00db4e-84e7-4b39-8273-9b71dbd7e2f3
Matthews, S.
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Arshad, S.H.
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958
Venkataraman, D.
f46ab1d1-7094-49a2-bee3-d1442c006368
Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, M.
cce68767-8d78-45ad-bb00-3da4f83d4ea6
Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh
9c7b8105-2892-49f2-8775-54d4961e3e74
Potter, S.
bfe8461d-7483-4151-820e-47dbba3e90a4
Roberts, G.
ea00db4e-84e7-4b39-8273-9b71dbd7e2f3
Matthews, S.
79b68905-6033-4cf8-8a36-af956611f854
Arshad, S.H.
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958

Venkataraman, D., Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, M., Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh, Potter, S., Roberts, G., Matthews, S. and Arshad, S.H. (2018) Prevalence and longitudinal trends of food allergy during childhood and adolescence:: results of the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort study. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 48 (4), 394-402. (doi:10.1111/cea.13088).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: The prevalence and time trends of food allergy change during childhood depending on the age of the child and the type of food.Objective: To study prevalence and longitudinal trends in food allergy from birth to 18 years in an unselected birth cohort in the Isle of Wight.Method: Information on food allergy was collected at ages 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years from the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (n = 1456). Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed at the age of 1 and 2 years in symptomatic children. At 4, 10 and 18 years of age, participants were tested to a panel of food and aero-allergens. Food allergy was diagnosed based on the criteria: symptoms suggestive of a typical IgE mediated reaction and reaction <4 hours following exposure to a known food allergen. McNemar's test was used to determine significance of changes in prevalence over time.Results: The prevalence of food allergy remained relatively constant in early childhood (5.3%, 4.4% and 5.0% at 1, 2 and 4 years respectively), with significant decline at 10 years (2.3%, p<0.001 versus 4 years) followed by significant rise at 18 years (4%, p=0.02 versus 10 years). Cow's milk (1.6-3.5%) and egg (1.1-1.4%) were the most common allergens in the first 10 years with peanut (1%) and tree-nuts (0.5%) becoming more prevalent beyond 10 years. Fruit and wheat allergy were less common at 10 years, and shellfish and kiwi emerged during adolescence. The prevalence of food allergy plus positive SPT were 1.3%, 0.8%, 0.8%, 0.9% and 2.2% at 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years respectively.Conclusion: Food allergy is highly prevalent in infancy with partial resolution during late childhood. However, a number of children acquire new food allergy during adolescence resulting in a relatively higher prevalence at 18 years.

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Venkataraman_et_al-2018-Clinical_&_Experimental_Allergy - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 15 December 2017
e-pub ahead of print date: 8 January 2018
Published date: April 2018

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Local EPrints ID: 417595
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/417595
ISSN: 0954-7894
PURE UUID: a3b14041-8961-488c-9300-4eef2bac16c4
ORCID for Ramesh Kurukulaaratchy: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-2400
ORCID for G. Roberts: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2252-1248

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Date deposited: 06 Feb 2018 17:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 06:09

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Contributors

Author: D. Venkataraman
Author: M. Erlewyn-Lajeunesse
Author: S. Potter
Author: G. Roberts ORCID iD
Author: S. Matthews
Author: S.H. Arshad

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