The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

Site 1218

Site 1218
Site 1218
Site 1218 (8°53.378´N, 135°22.00´W; 4828 meters below sea level [mbsl]; Fig. F1) is the sole site to be drilled on the 40-Ma transect during Leg 199 and will be used to investigate paleoceanographic processes in the equatorial Paleogene Pacific Ocean during the inferred transition of Earth's climate from the early Paleogene "greenhouse" into the late Paleogene "icehouse." Site 1218 is situated on a basement swell ~3° north of the Clipperton Fracture Zone in the central tropical Pacific Ocean. The age of basement at Site 1218 was poorly constrained prior to Leg 199 because the crust formed near the Eocene magnetic equator so that little magnetic anomaly data are available between the Clipperton and Clarion Fracture Zones (Cande et al., 1989). Thus, prior to Leg 199, our estimate for basement age at Site 1218 (~40 Ma) was based on previous drilling and assumed spreading rates. Nevertheless, at the outset of Leg 199 drilling, the availability of sediment descriptions from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Sites 161, 574, and 575 meant that the Cenozoic history of sedimentation in the region of Site 1218 was better constrained than in the regions of Sites 1215, 1216, and 1217. Based on data from these rotary-cored holes, shallow-penetration piston cores taken near Site 1218 (taken on the site survey EW9709-7PC), and seismic profiling (Fig. F2), we expected the sedimentary sequence at Site 1218 to comprise a relatively thick (25 to 35 m thick) section of clays overlying radiolarian and nannofossil oozes to chalks of early Miocene-late Eocene age with little to no chert (estimated total depth ~250-280 meters below seafloor [mbsf]).

Site 1218 was chosen because it is anticipated to have been located on the equator at 40 Ma (at ~0°N, 107°W) based upon a fixed hotspot model (Gripp and Gordon, 1990, for 0- to 5-Ma Pacific hotspot rotation pole; Engebretson et al., 1985, for older poles) and because our interpretation of seismic data suggested that this site afforded the best possibility of penetrating Eocene/Oligocene (E/O) boundary sediments within the depth range of the Ocean Drilling Program's (ODP's) advanced piston corer (APC) system (~180 mbsf in these sediments).

The paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic objectives of drilling the sedimentary sequence anticipated at Site 1218 are as follows: (1) to help define the shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone through the Paleogene by following the change in eolian dust composition and flux (red clays) through time; (2) to help constrain changes in the calcite compensation depth (CCD) from the late Eocene to the early Oligocene; (3) to obtain a complete Oligocene section of tropical-assemblage carbonate and siliceous microfossils with good magnetostratigraphic control; and (4) to sample the E/O boundary, late Oligocene, and Oligocene/Miocene (O/M) boundary, three of the most climatologically interesting intervals of Cenozoic time. Recovery of deep-sea sediments from above the CCD across the E/O boundary time interval during Leg 199 is a particularly high priority because complete E/O boundary sections for this time interval are not available from the Pacific Ocean.
ISSN10962158
125pp
Texas A&M University Ocean Drilling Program
Backman, J.
b2d77581-60c6-44fd-b61e-9dfbd85f2a8f
Busch, W.H.
d9359d43-f3f6-4b3c-bf42-7a5aa03bb988
Coxall, H.K.
5de02922-b619-4e86-b7ba-373b8569716a
Faul, K.
51d38cd0-209f-4bf3-82da-21afefd791f2
Gaillot, P.A.
f250a252-dca8-4595-98cb-03170cf7d4ce
Hovan, S.A.
4db809d5-5998-452e-8fbc-5d97b3f864fc
Janecek, T.R.
cb111528-5025-48fe-a999-35ee27d2643c
Knoop, P.
39747243-531b-45ec-b24e-b35a475e8152
Kruse, S.
0239ee82-29f9-4407-bf1e-88b6922ff726
Lanci, L.
0905f57d-d835-49c9-9356-efc950a171db
Lear, C.H.
112c634b-d610-4413-ad3d-5991b454593e
Lyle, M.
32ca0536-0600-4193-bc16-70fbe8c99dd6
Moore, T.C.
7bbc9539-0103-4010-8a24-f31124baacfb
Nigrini, C.A.
d441b7ac-92d1-4740-8d52-757efe6b1a7b
Nishi, H.
c60453b0-21bc-41e4-b576-7a2b6ecfb7ce
Nomura, R.
484a31d7-1be2-4286-8bb6-76da13b119f6
Norris, R.D.
81ac4a17-2a84-4c7c-9c02-c9f14bb2695e
Pälike, H.
b9bf7798-ad8c-479b-8487-dd9a30a61fa5
Parés, J.M.
2d4ed8d8-fc18-4e93-b566-a359623c99ea
Quintin, L.
0c0f2f23-2248-4aaa-a55b-ce0c9f7bb720
Raffi, I.
5cd0b487-3cdc-48e6-894c-2bbf5c59ae02
Rea, B.R.
8d964c93-27ee-4aeb-8e39-b9fc8f06985a
Rea, D.K.
6e297131-e1f7-4dd4-96ce-2895853ddbe0
Steiger, T.H.
3b42f7f3-256c-4cea-a25a-a2306135b0e6
Tripati, A.K.
39b60a55-55e5-41fd-8c4d-d235ff4a0087
Vanden Berg, M.D.
6977449f-5441-41e6-acf4-8edf8b003fa1
Wade, B.S.
4caf9386-0e3f-479b-a491-6c8dff99dad1
Wilson, P.A.
f940a9f0-fa5a-4a64-9061-f0794bfbf7c6
Lyle, M.
Wilson, P.A.
Janecek, T.R.
Backman, J.
b2d77581-60c6-44fd-b61e-9dfbd85f2a8f
Busch, W.H.
d9359d43-f3f6-4b3c-bf42-7a5aa03bb988
Coxall, H.K.
5de02922-b619-4e86-b7ba-373b8569716a
Faul, K.
51d38cd0-209f-4bf3-82da-21afefd791f2
Gaillot, P.A.
f250a252-dca8-4595-98cb-03170cf7d4ce
Hovan, S.A.
4db809d5-5998-452e-8fbc-5d97b3f864fc
Janecek, T.R.
cb111528-5025-48fe-a999-35ee27d2643c
Knoop, P.
39747243-531b-45ec-b24e-b35a475e8152
Kruse, S.
0239ee82-29f9-4407-bf1e-88b6922ff726
Lanci, L.
0905f57d-d835-49c9-9356-efc950a171db
Lear, C.H.
112c634b-d610-4413-ad3d-5991b454593e
Lyle, M.
32ca0536-0600-4193-bc16-70fbe8c99dd6
Moore, T.C.
7bbc9539-0103-4010-8a24-f31124baacfb
Nigrini, C.A.
d441b7ac-92d1-4740-8d52-757efe6b1a7b
Nishi, H.
c60453b0-21bc-41e4-b576-7a2b6ecfb7ce
Nomura, R.
484a31d7-1be2-4286-8bb6-76da13b119f6
Norris, R.D.
81ac4a17-2a84-4c7c-9c02-c9f14bb2695e
Pälike, H.
b9bf7798-ad8c-479b-8487-dd9a30a61fa5
Parés, J.M.
2d4ed8d8-fc18-4e93-b566-a359623c99ea
Quintin, L.
0c0f2f23-2248-4aaa-a55b-ce0c9f7bb720
Raffi, I.
5cd0b487-3cdc-48e6-894c-2bbf5c59ae02
Rea, B.R.
8d964c93-27ee-4aeb-8e39-b9fc8f06985a
Rea, D.K.
6e297131-e1f7-4dd4-96ce-2895853ddbe0
Steiger, T.H.
3b42f7f3-256c-4cea-a25a-a2306135b0e6
Tripati, A.K.
39b60a55-55e5-41fd-8c4d-d235ff4a0087
Vanden Berg, M.D.
6977449f-5441-41e6-acf4-8edf8b003fa1
Wade, B.S.
4caf9386-0e3f-479b-a491-6c8dff99dad1
Wilson, P.A.
f940a9f0-fa5a-4a64-9061-f0794bfbf7c6
Lyle, M.
Wilson, P.A.
Janecek, T.R.

Backman, J., Busch, W.H., Coxall, H.K., Faul, K., Gaillot, P.A., Hovan, S.A., Janecek, T.R., Knoop, P., Kruse, S., Lanci, L., Lear, C.H., Lyle, M., Moore, T.C., Nigrini, C.A., Nishi, H., Nomura, R., Norris, R.D., Pälike, H., Parés, J.M., Quintin, L., Raffi, I., Rea, B.R., Rea, D.K., Steiger, T.H., Tripati, A.K., Vanden Berg, M.D., Wade, B.S. and Wilson, P.A. (2002) Site 1218. Lyle, M., Wilson, P.A. and Janecek, T.R. (eds.) In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports. Vol. 199. Paleogene Equatorial Transect. Covering Leg 199 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel "Joides Resolution", Honolulu, Hawaii, to Honolulu, Hawaii, Sites 1215-1222, 23 Oct-16 Dec 2001. Texas A&M University Ocean Drilling Program. 125pp . (doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.199.111.2002).

Record type: Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)

Abstract

Site 1218 (8°53.378´N, 135°22.00´W; 4828 meters below sea level [mbsl]; Fig. F1) is the sole site to be drilled on the 40-Ma transect during Leg 199 and will be used to investigate paleoceanographic processes in the equatorial Paleogene Pacific Ocean during the inferred transition of Earth's climate from the early Paleogene "greenhouse" into the late Paleogene "icehouse." Site 1218 is situated on a basement swell ~3° north of the Clipperton Fracture Zone in the central tropical Pacific Ocean. The age of basement at Site 1218 was poorly constrained prior to Leg 199 because the crust formed near the Eocene magnetic equator so that little magnetic anomaly data are available between the Clipperton and Clarion Fracture Zones (Cande et al., 1989). Thus, prior to Leg 199, our estimate for basement age at Site 1218 (~40 Ma) was based on previous drilling and assumed spreading rates. Nevertheless, at the outset of Leg 199 drilling, the availability of sediment descriptions from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Sites 161, 574, and 575 meant that the Cenozoic history of sedimentation in the region of Site 1218 was better constrained than in the regions of Sites 1215, 1216, and 1217. Based on data from these rotary-cored holes, shallow-penetration piston cores taken near Site 1218 (taken on the site survey EW9709-7PC), and seismic profiling (Fig. F2), we expected the sedimentary sequence at Site 1218 to comprise a relatively thick (25 to 35 m thick) section of clays overlying radiolarian and nannofossil oozes to chalks of early Miocene-late Eocene age with little to no chert (estimated total depth ~250-280 meters below seafloor [mbsf]).

Site 1218 was chosen because it is anticipated to have been located on the equator at 40 Ma (at ~0°N, 107°W) based upon a fixed hotspot model (Gripp and Gordon, 1990, for 0- to 5-Ma Pacific hotspot rotation pole; Engebretson et al., 1985, for older poles) and because our interpretation of seismic data suggested that this site afforded the best possibility of penetrating Eocene/Oligocene (E/O) boundary sediments within the depth range of the Ocean Drilling Program's (ODP's) advanced piston corer (APC) system (~180 mbsf in these sediments).

The paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic objectives of drilling the sedimentary sequence anticipated at Site 1218 are as follows: (1) to help define the shift in the Intertropical Convergence Zone through the Paleogene by following the change in eolian dust composition and flux (red clays) through time; (2) to help constrain changes in the calcite compensation depth (CCD) from the late Eocene to the early Oligocene; (3) to obtain a complete Oligocene section of tropical-assemblage carbonate and siliceous microfossils with good magnetostratigraphic control; and (4) to sample the E/O boundary, late Oligocene, and Oligocene/Miocene (O/M) boundary, three of the most climatologically interesting intervals of Cenozoic time. Recovery of deep-sea sediments from above the CCD across the E/O boundary time interval during Leg 199 is a particularly high priority because complete E/O boundary sections for this time interval are not available from the Pacific Ocean.

Text
IR199_11.pdf - Version of Record
Download (12MB)

More information

Published date: 2002

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 41908
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/41908
ISBN: ISSN10962158
PURE UUID: fa4fc850-3f31-4f38-a507-c8384935b3af
ORCID for P.A. Wilson: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-6425-8906

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 16 Oct 2006
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:13

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: J. Backman
Author: W.H. Busch
Author: H.K. Coxall
Author: K. Faul
Author: P.A. Gaillot
Author: S.A. Hovan
Author: T.R. Janecek
Author: P. Knoop
Author: S. Kruse
Author: L. Lanci
Author: C.H. Lear
Author: M. Lyle
Author: T.C. Moore
Author: C.A. Nigrini
Author: H. Nishi
Author: R. Nomura
Author: R.D. Norris
Author: H. Pälike
Author: J.M. Parés
Author: L. Quintin
Author: I. Raffi
Author: B.R. Rea
Author: D.K. Rea
Author: T.H. Steiger
Author: A.K. Tripati
Author: M.D. Vanden Berg
Author: B.S. Wade
Author: P.A. Wilson ORCID iD
Editor: M. Lyle
Editor: P.A. Wilson
Editor: T.R. Janecek

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×