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Numerical and experimental study on multi-focal metallic Fresnel zone plates designed by the phase selection rule via virtual point sources

Numerical and experimental study on multi-focal metallic Fresnel zone plates designed by the phase selection rule via virtual point sources
Numerical and experimental study on multi-focal metallic Fresnel zone plates designed by the phase selection rule via virtual point sources

We propose a novel design method for multi-focal metallic Fresnel zone plates (MFZPs), which exploits the phase selection rule by putting virtual point sources (VPSs) at the desired focal points distant to the MFZP plane. The phase distribution at the MFZP plane reciprocally formed by the VPSs was quantized in a binary manner based on the phase selection rule, thereby leading to a corresponding on-offamplitude pattern for the targeted MFZP. The resultant phase distribution was dependent on the complex amplitudes of the VPSs, so that they could be determined from the perspective of both multi-focal functionality and fabrication feasibility. As a typical example, we utilized the particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine them. Based on the proposed method, we designed and numerically analyzed two types of novel MFZPs-one for a monochromatic multi-focal application and the other for a multi-chromatic mono-focal application-verifying the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method. We also fabricated them onto Au-deposited glass substrates, using electron beam evaporation and a focused ion beam milling process. We experimentally characterized them and also verified that they successfully demonstrated their feasibilities. The former produced distinct hot spots at three different focal distances of 10, 15, and 20 μm for monochromatic incidence at 650 nm, and the latter produced a single hot spot at a focal distance of 15 μm for multi-chromatic incidence at 660, 532, and 473 nm. The experimental results were also in good agreement with their corresponding numerical results. We expect that both MFZPs will have various applications, such as laser micromachining, optical trapping, biomedical sensing, confocal collimation, achromatic optics, etc.

Achromatic optics, Binary optics, Lenses, Multi-focusing, Optics at surfaces
2076-3417
Kim, Jinseob
a171e739-d52a-4ca0-97f8-ff72dd1baa0b
Kim, Hyuntai
cfbf9241-6bb7-4738-8e2d-4fbc5c1217cc
Lee, Gun Yeal
fd836f65-0995-4e6d-b540-030f691e8bc2
Kim, Juhwan
2a1ce546-382f-416d-a562-6961c9c93089
Lee, Byoungho
43dfa9db-b2d8-4a26-9594-2d0e484f8388
Jeong, Yoonchan
1c4007b7-fc94-4f7d-a080-929d40946902
Kim, Jinseob
a171e739-d52a-4ca0-97f8-ff72dd1baa0b
Kim, Hyuntai
cfbf9241-6bb7-4738-8e2d-4fbc5c1217cc
Lee, Gun Yeal
fd836f65-0995-4e6d-b540-030f691e8bc2
Kim, Juhwan
2a1ce546-382f-416d-a562-6961c9c93089
Lee, Byoungho
43dfa9db-b2d8-4a26-9594-2d0e484f8388
Jeong, Yoonchan
1c4007b7-fc94-4f7d-a080-929d40946902

Kim, Jinseob, Kim, Hyuntai, Lee, Gun Yeal, Kim, Juhwan, Lee, Byoungho and Jeong, Yoonchan (2018) Numerical and experimental study on multi-focal metallic Fresnel zone plates designed by the phase selection rule via virtual point sources. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 8 (3), [449]. (doi:10.3390/app8030449).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We propose a novel design method for multi-focal metallic Fresnel zone plates (MFZPs), which exploits the phase selection rule by putting virtual point sources (VPSs) at the desired focal points distant to the MFZP plane. The phase distribution at the MFZP plane reciprocally formed by the VPSs was quantized in a binary manner based on the phase selection rule, thereby leading to a corresponding on-offamplitude pattern for the targeted MFZP. The resultant phase distribution was dependent on the complex amplitudes of the VPSs, so that they could be determined from the perspective of both multi-focal functionality and fabrication feasibility. As a typical example, we utilized the particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine them. Based on the proposed method, we designed and numerically analyzed two types of novel MFZPs-one for a monochromatic multi-focal application and the other for a multi-chromatic mono-focal application-verifying the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method. We also fabricated them onto Au-deposited glass substrates, using electron beam evaporation and a focused ion beam milling process. We experimentally characterized them and also verified that they successfully demonstrated their feasibilities. The former produced distinct hot spots at three different focal distances of 10, 15, and 20 μm for monochromatic incidence at 650 nm, and the latter produced a single hot spot at a focal distance of 15 μm for multi-chromatic incidence at 660, 532, and 473 nm. The experimental results were also in good agreement with their corresponding numerical results. We expect that both MFZPs will have various applications, such as laser micromachining, optical trapping, biomedical sensing, confocal collimation, achromatic optics, etc.

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applsci-08-00449 - Version of Record
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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 13 March 2018
e-pub ahead of print date: 15 March 2018
Keywords: Achromatic optics, Binary optics, Lenses, Multi-focusing, Optics at surfaces

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 419134
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/419134
ISSN: 2076-3417
PURE UUID: 30cdac04-f0a7-4560-8c05-0a84ae82b981

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Date deposited: 06 Apr 2018 16:30
Last modified: 05 Jun 2024 19:30

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Contributors

Author: Jinseob Kim
Author: Hyuntai Kim
Author: Gun Yeal Lee
Author: Juhwan Kim
Author: Byoungho Lee
Author: Yoonchan Jeong

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