Full-duplex massive MIMO multi-pair two-way AF relaying: energy efficiency optimization

Abstract

We consider two-way amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying, where multiple full-duplex user pairs exchange information via a shared full-duplex massive multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) relay. Most of the previous massive MIMO relaying works maximize the spectral efficiency (SE). By contrast, we maximize the non-convex energy efficiency (EE) metric by approximating it as a pseudo-concave (PC) problem, which is then solved using the classic Dinkelbach approach. We also maximize EE of the least energy-efficient user relying on the max-min approach. We also compare SE and EE of the proposed design with existing full-duplex systems and quantify the significant improvement achieved by the proposed algorithm. We also compare EE of the proposed full-duplex system to that of its halfduplex counterparts, and characterize the self-loop and inter-user interference regimes, for which the proposed full-duplex system outperforms the half-duplex ones.

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