SN 2012fr: Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves of a Type Ia Supernova Observed within a Day of Explosion
SN 2012fr: Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves of a Type Ia Supernova Observed within a Day of Explosion
We present detailed ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared light curves of the Type Ia supernova (SN) 2012fr, which exploded in the Fornax cluster member NGC 1365. These precise high-cadence light curves provide a dense coverage of the flux evolution from $-$12 to $+$140 days with respect to the epoch of $B$-band maximum (\tmax). Supplementary imaging at the earliest epochs reveals an initial slow, nearly linear rise in luminosity with a duration of $\sim$2.5 days, followed by a faster rising phase that is well reproduced by an explosion model with a moderate amount of $^{56}$Ni mixing in the ejecta. From an analysis of the light curves, we conclude: $(i)$ explosion occurred $< 22$ hours before the first detection of the supernova, $(ii)$ the rise time to peak bolometric ($\lambda > 1800 $\AA) luminosity was $16.5 \pm 0.6$ days, $(iii)$ the supernova suffered little or no host-galaxy dust reddening, $(iv)$ the peak luminosity in both the optical and near-infrared was consistent with the bright end of normal Type Ia diversity, and $(v)$ $0.60 \pm 0.15 M_{\odot}$ of $^{56}$Ni was synthesized in the explosion. Despite its normal luminosity, SN 2012fr displayed unusually prevalent high-velocity \ion{Ca}{2} and \ion{Si}{2} absorption features, and a nearly constant photospheric velocity of the \ion{Si}{2} $\lambda$6355 line at $\sim$12,000 \kms\ beginning $\sim$5 days before \tmax. Other peculiarities in the early phase photometry and the spectral evolution are highlighted. SN 2012fr also adds to a growing number of Type Ia supernovae hosted by galaxies with direct Cepheid distance measurements.
Contreras, C.
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Phillips, M.M.
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Burns, Christopher R.
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Piro, Anthony L.
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Shappee, B.
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Stritzinger, Maximilian D
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Baltay, C.
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Brown, Peter J.
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Conseil, Emmanuel
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Klotz, Alain
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Nugent, Peter E.
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Turpin, Damien
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Parker, Stu
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Rabinowitz, D.
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Hsiao, Eric Y.
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Morrell, N.
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Campillay, Abdo
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Castellón, Sergio
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Corco, Carlos
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Gonzalez, Consuelo
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Krisciunas, Kevin
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Serón, Jacqueline
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Tucker, Brad E.
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Walker, E. S.
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Baron, E.
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Cain, C
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Childress, Michael
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Folatelli, Gastón
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Freedman, Wendy L.
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Hamuy, M.
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Hoeflich, P.
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Persson, S.E.
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Scalzo, Richard
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Schmidt, Brian
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Suntzeff, Nichols B.
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Contreras, C.
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Phillips, M.M.
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Burns, Christopher R.
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Piro, Anthony L.
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Shappee, B.
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Stritzinger, Maximilian D
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Baltay, C.
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Brown, Peter J.
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Conseil, Emmanuel
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Klotz, Alain
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Nugent, Peter E.
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Turpin, Damien
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Parker, Stu
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Rabinowitz, D.
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Hsiao, Eric Y.
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Morrell, N.
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Campillay, Abdo
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Castellón, Sergio
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Corco, Carlos
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Gonzalez, Consuelo
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Krisciunas, Kevin
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Serón, Jacqueline
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Tucker, Brad E.
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Walker, E. S.
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Baron, E.
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Cain, C
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Childress, Michael
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Folatelli, Gastón
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Freedman, Wendy L.
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Hamuy, M.
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Hoeflich, P.
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Persson, S.E.
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Scalzo, Richard
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Schmidt, Brian
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Suntzeff, Nichols B.
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