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Discovery and dynamical analysis of an extreme trans-Neptunian object with a high orbital inclination

Discovery and dynamical analysis of an extreme trans-Neptunian object with a high orbital inclination
Discovery and dynamical analysis of an extreme trans-Neptunian object with a high orbital inclination

We report the discovery and dynamical analysis of 2015 BP519, an extreme trans-Neptunian object (TNO) detected by the Dark Energy Survey at a heliocentric distance of 55 au, perihelion of ∼36 au, and absolute magnitude H r = 4.3. The current orbit, determined from a 1110 day observational arc, has a semimajor axis a ≈ 450 au, eccentricity e ≈ 0.92, and inclination i ≈ 547deg;. With these orbital elements, 2015 BP519 is the most extreme TNO discovered to date, as quantified by the reduced Kozai action, , which is a conserved quantity at fixed semimajor axis a for axisymmetric perturbations. We discuss the orbital stability and evolution of this object and find that, under the influence of the four known giant planets, 2015 BP519 displays rich dynamical behavior, including rapid diffusion in semimajor axis and more constrained variations in eccentricity and inclination. We also consider the long-term orbital stability and evolutionary behavior within the context of the Planet Nine hypothesis and find that 2015 BP519 adds to the circumstantial evidence for the existence of this proposed new member of the solar system, as it would represent the first member of the population of high-i, π-shepherded TNOs.

Kuiper Belt objects: individual (2015 BP519), planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
0004-6256
Becker, J. C.
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Khain, T.
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Hamilton, S. J.
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Adams, F. C.
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Gerdes, D. W.
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Zullo, L.
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Franson, K.
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Millholland, S.
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Bernstein, G. M.
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Sako, M.
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Napier, K.
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Markwardt, L.
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Lin, Hsing Wen
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Wester, W.
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Bertin, E.
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Brooks, D.
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Kind, M. Carrasco
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Costa, L. N.Da
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Davis, C.
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Vicente, J. De
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Eifler, T. F.
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Fosalba, P.
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Frieman, J.
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García-Bellido, J.
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March, M.
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Suchyta, E.
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Swanson, M. E.C.
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Walker, A. R.
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Becker, J. C.
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Khain, T.
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Hamilton, S. J.
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Adams, F. C.
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Gerdes, D. W.
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Zullo, L.
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Franson, K.
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Millholland, S.
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Bernstein, G. M.
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Sako, M.
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Bernardinelli, P.
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Napier, K.
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Markwardt, L.
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Lin, Hsing Wen
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Wester, W.
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Abdalla, F. B.
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Allam, S.
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Annis, J.
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Avila, S.
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Bertin, E.
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Brooks, D.
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Rosell, A. Carnero
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Kind, M. Carrasco
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Carretero, J.
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Cunha, C. E.
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D'Andrea, C. B.
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Costa, L. N.Da
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Davis, C.
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Vicente, J. De
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Diehl, H. T.
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Doel, P.
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Eifler, T. F.
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Flaugher, B.
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Fosalba, P.
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Frieman, J.
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García-Bellido, J.
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Gaztanaga, E.
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Gruen, D.
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Gruendl, R. A.
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Gschwend, J.
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Gutierrez, G.
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Hartley, W. G.
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Hollowood, D. L.
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Kuehn, K.
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Kuropatkin, N.
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Maia, M. A.G.
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March, M.
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Marshall, J. L.
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Menanteau, F.
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Miquel, R.
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Ogando, R. L.C.
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Plazas, A. A.
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Sanchez, E.
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Smith, M.
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Smith, R. C.
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Soares-Santos, M.
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Sobreira, F.
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Suchyta, E.
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Swanson, M. E.C.
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Walker, A. R.
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Becker, J. C., Khain, T., Hamilton, S. J., Adams, F. C., Gerdes, D. W., Zullo, L., Franson, K., Millholland, S., Bernstein, G. M., Sako, M., Bernardinelli, P., Napier, K., Markwardt, L., Lin, Hsing Wen, Wester, W., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., Costa, L. N.Da, Davis, C., Vicente, J. De, Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Maia, M. A.G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L.C., Plazas, A. A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E.C. and Walker, A. R. (2018) Discovery and dynamical analysis of an extreme trans-Neptunian object with a high orbital inclination. Astronomical Journal, 156 (2), [81]. (doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad042).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We report the discovery and dynamical analysis of 2015 BP519, an extreme trans-Neptunian object (TNO) detected by the Dark Energy Survey at a heliocentric distance of 55 au, perihelion of ∼36 au, and absolute magnitude H r = 4.3. The current orbit, determined from a 1110 day observational arc, has a semimajor axis a ≈ 450 au, eccentricity e ≈ 0.92, and inclination i ≈ 547deg;. With these orbital elements, 2015 BP519 is the most extreme TNO discovered to date, as quantified by the reduced Kozai action, , which is a conserved quantity at fixed semimajor axis a for axisymmetric perturbations. We discuss the orbital stability and evolution of this object and find that, under the influence of the four known giant planets, 2015 BP519 displays rich dynamical behavior, including rapid diffusion in semimajor axis and more constrained variations in eccentricity and inclination. We also consider the long-term orbital stability and evolutionary behavior within the context of the Planet Nine hypothesis and find that 2015 BP519 adds to the circumstantial evidence for the existence of this proposed new member of the solar system, as it would represent the first member of the population of high-i, π-shepherded TNOs.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 27 June 2018
e-pub ahead of print date: 3 August 2018
Published date: August 2018
Keywords: Kuiper Belt objects: individual (2015 BP519), planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
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Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 425783
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/425783
DOI: doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aad042
ISSN: 0004-6256
PURE UUID: 1968d7c4-6c60-4c62-8a6d-212d8afeef74
ORCID for M. Smith: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-1432

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 02 Nov 2018 17:30
Last modified: 12 Nov 2024 02:50

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Contributors

Author: J. C. Becker
Author: T. Khain
Author: S. J. Hamilton
Author: F. C. Adams
Author: D. W. Gerdes
Author: L. Zullo
Author: K. Franson
Author: S. Millholland
Author: G. M. Bernstein
Author: M. Sako
Author: P. Bernardinelli
Author: K. Napier
Author: L. Markwardt
Author: Hsing Wen Lin
Author: W. Wester
Author: F. B. Abdalla
Author: S. Allam
Author: J. Annis
Author: S. Avila
Author: E. Bertin
Author: D. Brooks
Author: A. Carnero Rosell
Author: M. Carrasco Kind
Author: J. Carretero
Author: C. E. Cunha
Author: C. B. D'Andrea
Author: L. N.Da Costa
Author: C. Davis
Author: J. De Vicente
Author: H. T. Diehl
Author: P. Doel
Author: T. F. Eifler
Author: B. Flaugher
Author: P. Fosalba
Author: J. Frieman
Author: J. García-Bellido
Author: E. Gaztanaga
Author: D. Gruen
Author: R. A. Gruendl
Author: J. Gschwend
Author: G. Gutierrez
Author: W. G. Hartley
Author: D. L. Hollowood
Author: K. Honscheid
Author: D. J. James
Author: K. Kuehn
Author: N. Kuropatkin
Author: M. A.G. Maia
Author: M. March
Author: J. L. Marshall
Author: F. Menanteau
Author: R. Miquel
Author: R. L.C. Ogando
Author: A. A. Plazas
Author: E. Sanchez
Author: V. Scarpine
Author: R. Schindler
Author: I. Sevilla-Noarbe
Author: M. Smith ORCID iD
Author: R. C. Smith
Author: M. Soares-Santos
Author: F. Sobreira
Author: E. Suchyta
Author: M. E.C. Swanson
Author: A. R. Walker

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