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Pregnancy supplementation of Gambian mothers with calcium carbonate alters mid-childhood IGF1 in a sex-specific manner

Pregnancy supplementation of Gambian mothers with calcium carbonate alters mid-childhood IGF1 in a sex-specific manner
Pregnancy supplementation of Gambian mothers with calcium carbonate alters mid-childhood IGF1 in a sex-specific manner
Context: sex-specific effects of pregnancy calcium carbonate supplementation have been reported in 8–12 year old Gambian children, indicating faster growth in boys but slower growth in girls born to calcium-supplemented mothers.

Objective: to determine whether the pregnancy supplement resulted in sex-specific effects on offspring IGF1 and other growth-related indices in mid-childhood.

Design: analysis of archived data obtained in mid-childhood from the children of rural Gambian mothers who had been randomised to 1500 mgCa/d (Ca) or placebo (P) from 20 weeks pregnancy to delivery (ISRCTN96502494).

Participants and methods: of the 526 children born and followed in infancy, 290 had early-morning, fasting plasma assayed for IGF1, IGFBP3, leptin, insulin and calcium-related indices and had anthropometry performed at age 7.5 (SD1.2) years (N/group: Males(M)-Ca = 64, Females(F)-Ca = 77; M-P = 76, F-P = 73). Sex-specific effects of maternal supplementation were considered using regression with sexes separated and together to test for sex ∗ supplement interactions.

Results: boys had lower IGF1, IGFBP3, leptin and insulin than girls (P ≤ 0.004). IGF1 was higher in M-Ca than M-P (+14.2 (SE7.7)%, P = 0.05) but lower in F-Ca than F-P (−17.8 (SE7.4)%, P = 0.01); sex ∗ supplement interaction P = 0.001. IGF1 concentrations (ng/ml, geometric mean [−1SE,+1SE]) were M-Ca = 78.1[4.3,4.5], M-P = 67.8[3.4,3.6]; F-Ca = 99.5[4.8,5.1], F-P = 118.9[6.4,6.8]. Similar sex ∗ supplement interactions were seen for IGFBP3 and IGF1-adjusted-for-IGFBP3 but group differences were smaller. There were no significant supplement effects on the other biochemical indices.

Conclusions: calcium carbonate supplementation of pregnant Gambian mothers resulted in higher IGF1 in boys and lower IGF1 in girls during mid-childhood, consistent with the reported maternal supplement effects on growth of the offspring in later childhood.
8756-3282
314-320
Prentice, Ann
675810ad-8022-453c-b3a3-8afff0e1a920
Ward, Kathryn
39bd4db1-c948-4e32-930e-7bec8deb54c7
Nigdikar, Shailja
92da9792-1b27-4333-91a2-e4443936409c
Hawkesworth, Sophie
570d96e4-e036-432c-98af-7ee4cbd7bfc6
Moore, Sophie E.
bea65f65-3f11-45cd-96d2-c088a18ccc55
Prentice, Ann
675810ad-8022-453c-b3a3-8afff0e1a920
Ward, Kathryn
39bd4db1-c948-4e32-930e-7bec8deb54c7
Nigdikar, Shailja
92da9792-1b27-4333-91a2-e4443936409c
Hawkesworth, Sophie
570d96e4-e036-432c-98af-7ee4cbd7bfc6
Moore, Sophie E.
bea65f65-3f11-45cd-96d2-c088a18ccc55

Prentice, Ann, Ward, Kathryn, Nigdikar, Shailja, Hawkesworth, Sophie and Moore, Sophie E. (2019) Pregnancy supplementation of Gambian mothers with calcium carbonate alters mid-childhood IGF1 in a sex-specific manner. Bone, 120, 314-320. (doi:10.1016/j.bone.2018.11.011).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Context: sex-specific effects of pregnancy calcium carbonate supplementation have been reported in 8–12 year old Gambian children, indicating faster growth in boys but slower growth in girls born to calcium-supplemented mothers.

Objective: to determine whether the pregnancy supplement resulted in sex-specific effects on offspring IGF1 and other growth-related indices in mid-childhood.

Design: analysis of archived data obtained in mid-childhood from the children of rural Gambian mothers who had been randomised to 1500 mgCa/d (Ca) or placebo (P) from 20 weeks pregnancy to delivery (ISRCTN96502494).

Participants and methods: of the 526 children born and followed in infancy, 290 had early-morning, fasting plasma assayed for IGF1, IGFBP3, leptin, insulin and calcium-related indices and had anthropometry performed at age 7.5 (SD1.2) years (N/group: Males(M)-Ca = 64, Females(F)-Ca = 77; M-P = 76, F-P = 73). Sex-specific effects of maternal supplementation were considered using regression with sexes separated and together to test for sex ∗ supplement interactions.

Results: boys had lower IGF1, IGFBP3, leptin and insulin than girls (P ≤ 0.004). IGF1 was higher in M-Ca than M-P (+14.2 (SE7.7)%, P = 0.05) but lower in F-Ca than F-P (−17.8 (SE7.4)%, P = 0.01); sex ∗ supplement interaction P = 0.001. IGF1 concentrations (ng/ml, geometric mean [−1SE,+1SE]) were M-Ca = 78.1[4.3,4.5], M-P = 67.8[3.4,3.6]; F-Ca = 99.5[4.8,5.1], F-P = 118.9[6.4,6.8]. Similar sex ∗ supplement interactions were seen for IGFBP3 and IGF1-adjusted-for-IGFBP3 but group differences were smaller. There were no significant supplement effects on the other biochemical indices.

Conclusions: calcium carbonate supplementation of pregnant Gambian mothers resulted in higher IGF1 in boys and lower IGF1 in girls during mid-childhood, consistent with the reported maternal supplement effects on growth of the offspring in later childhood.

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Accepted/In Press date: 17 November 2018
e-pub ahead of print date: 19 November 2018
Published date: March 2019

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 426519
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/426519
ISSN: 8756-3282
PURE UUID: 8fc57598-e52f-44f9-b64f-f36954eb182d
ORCID for Kathryn Ward: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-6750

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Date deposited: 29 Nov 2018 17:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 07:21

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Contributors

Author: Ann Prentice
Author: Kathryn Ward ORCID iD
Author: Shailja Nigdikar
Author: Sophie Hawkesworth
Author: Sophie E. Moore

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