Developmental trajectories of Body Mass Index from infancy to 18 years of age: prenatal determinants and health consequences
Developmental trajectories of Body Mass Index from infancy to 18 years of age: prenatal determinants and health consequences
BACKGROUND: Knowledge on the long-term development of adiposity throughout childhood/adolescence and its prenatal determinants and health sequelae is lacking. We sought to (1) identify trajectories of Body Mass Index (BMI) from 1 to 18 years of age, (2) examine associations of maternal gestational smoking and early pregnancy overweight with offspring BMI trajectories and (3) determine whether BMI trajectories predict health outcomes: asthma, lung function parameters (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio), and blood pressure, at 18 years.
METHODS: The Isle of Wight birth cohort, a population-based sample of 1456 infants born between January 1989 and February 1990, was prospectively assessed at ages 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to test for the presence of latent BMI trajectories. Associations were assessed using log-binomial and linear regression models.
RESULTS: Four trajectories of BMI were identified: 'normal', 'early persistent obesity', 'delayed overweight', and 'early transient overweight'. Risk factors for being in the early persistent obesity trajectory included maternal smoking during pregnancy (RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 4.68) and early pregnancy overweight (3.16, 1.52 to 6.58). When comparing the early persistent obesity to the normal trajectory, a 2.15-fold (1.33 to 3.49) increased risk of asthma, 3.2% (0.4% to 6.0%) deficit in FEV1/FVC ratio, and elevated systolic 11.3 mm Hg (7.1 to 15.4) and diastolic 12.0 mm Hg (8.9 to 15.1) blood pressure were observed at age 18 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal prenatal exposures show prolonged effects on offspring's propensity towards overweight-obesity. Distinct morbid BMI trajectories are evident during the first 18 years of life that are associated with higher risk of asthma, reduced FEV1/FVC ratio, and elevated blood pressure.
Adolescent, Asthma/epidemiology, Body Mass Index, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Hypertension/epidemiology, Infant, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, First/physiology, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology, Smoking/adverse effects, United Kingdom/epidemiology, Weight Gain/physiology
934-941
Ziyab, Ali H.
12905e44-3fd1-47c2-98e5-35320e89815b
Karmaus, Wilfried
281d0e53-6b5d-4d38-9732-3981b07cd853
Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh J.
9c7b8105-2892-49f2-8775-54d4961e3e74
Zhang, Hongmei
9f774048-54d6-4321-a252-3887b2c76db0
Arshad, Syed Hasan
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958
October 2014
Ziyab, Ali H.
12905e44-3fd1-47c2-98e5-35320e89815b
Karmaus, Wilfried
281d0e53-6b5d-4d38-9732-3981b07cd853
Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh J.
9c7b8105-2892-49f2-8775-54d4961e3e74
Zhang, Hongmei
9f774048-54d6-4321-a252-3887b2c76db0
Arshad, Syed Hasan
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958
Ziyab, Ali H., Karmaus, Wilfried, Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh J., Zhang, Hongmei and Arshad, Syed Hasan
(2014)
Developmental trajectories of Body Mass Index from infancy to 18 years of age: prenatal determinants and health consequences.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68 (10), .
(doi:10.1136/jech-2014-203808).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Knowledge on the long-term development of adiposity throughout childhood/adolescence and its prenatal determinants and health sequelae is lacking. We sought to (1) identify trajectories of Body Mass Index (BMI) from 1 to 18 years of age, (2) examine associations of maternal gestational smoking and early pregnancy overweight with offspring BMI trajectories and (3) determine whether BMI trajectories predict health outcomes: asthma, lung function parameters (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio), and blood pressure, at 18 years.
METHODS: The Isle of Wight birth cohort, a population-based sample of 1456 infants born between January 1989 and February 1990, was prospectively assessed at ages 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to test for the presence of latent BMI trajectories. Associations were assessed using log-binomial and linear regression models.
RESULTS: Four trajectories of BMI were identified: 'normal', 'early persistent obesity', 'delayed overweight', and 'early transient overweight'. Risk factors for being in the early persistent obesity trajectory included maternal smoking during pregnancy (RR 2.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 4.68) and early pregnancy overweight (3.16, 1.52 to 6.58). When comparing the early persistent obesity to the normal trajectory, a 2.15-fold (1.33 to 3.49) increased risk of asthma, 3.2% (0.4% to 6.0%) deficit in FEV1/FVC ratio, and elevated systolic 11.3 mm Hg (7.1 to 15.4) and diastolic 12.0 mm Hg (8.9 to 15.1) blood pressure were observed at age 18 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal prenatal exposures show prolonged effects on offspring's propensity towards overweight-obesity. Distinct morbid BMI trajectories are evident during the first 18 years of life that are associated with higher risk of asthma, reduced FEV1/FVC ratio, and elevated blood pressure.
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Accepted/In Press date: 15 May 2014
e-pub ahead of print date: 3 June 2014
Published date: October 2014
Keywords:
Adolescent, Asthma/epidemiology, Body Mass Index, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Hypertension/epidemiology, Infant, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, First/physiology, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Pulmonary Ventilation/physiology, Smoking/adverse effects, United Kingdom/epidemiology, Weight Gain/physiology
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 431188
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/431188
ISSN: 0143-005X
PURE UUID: 3694655f-b960-4d6d-b8e6-222b0aa1abc5
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Date deposited: 24 May 2019 16:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:09
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Author:
Ali H. Ziyab
Author:
Wilfried Karmaus
Author:
Hongmei Zhang
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