Evaluation of bacterial presence on lead X-ray aprons utilised in the operating room via IBIS and standard culture methods
Evaluation of bacterial presence on lead X-ray aprons utilised in the operating room via IBIS and standard culture methods
Background: Despite precautions, surgical procedures carry risk of infection. Radiation-protective lead aprons worn by operating personnel are a potential source of bacterial contamination and have not been fully evaluated. Aim/objective: To evaluate lead aprons as a source of bacterial contamination, identify organisms most commonly found on this source, and devise a method with which to lower the risk of contamination.
Methods: In this basic science study, 20 randomly selected lead X-ray aprons were swabbed at three time points. The experimental treatment was with a hospital-grade disinfectant wipe. The samples were assessed for bacterial growth via traditional plating methods and mass spectrometry. Plates were graded on a scale of 0 to 4+ based on the number of quadrants with growth. Growth on one quadrant or more was considered contaminated.
Findings/results: Bacteria were initially detected via IBIS on a majority of the aprons (32/40), most commonly Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Virulent organisms cultured were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), Neisseria, Streptococcus viridans and pseudomonas. MRSE were detected on 5/20 of the samples. Immediately after treatment, the majority of aprons showed less bacterial contamination (0/20 standard culture positive; 13/20 IBIS positive) with some recurrence at the 6-h time point (2/20 standard culture positive, 16/20 IBIS positive). All MRSE detected initially was eradicated.
Discussion: Lead X-ray aprons worn in the operating room harbour bacteria. Disinfecting before use may prevent the introduction of virulent organisms to patients. Our proposed method of sanitising with a disinfectant wipe is quick and effective.
biofilm, disinfectant, FISH, IBIS, Lead apron, MRSE, surgical site infection, wipe, X-ray
191-196
Jain, Sameer
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Rajfer, Rebecca A.
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Melton-Kreft, Rachel
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Nistico, Laura
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Miller, Mark C.
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Stoodley, Paul
08614665-92a9-4466-806e-20c6daeb483f
Altman, Daniel T.
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Altman, Gregory T.
6012e67c-67a4-440d-a75c-54f8cd73838f
15 April 2019
Jain, Sameer
9308ddfd-c2ce-4aa4-8620-afd26d426584
Rajfer, Rebecca A.
b2279ac3-b2bc-434a-9a7b-eb9c00af7ab5
Melton-Kreft, Rachel
7fa49629-e4e9-4419-b25b-ddbb711ae935
Nistico, Laura
7a83886a-6bf1-46a1-87dd-75a120d41603
Miller, Mark C.
15db523e-a843-4e9a-bc6b-5a04e6e7fe8d
Stoodley, Paul
08614665-92a9-4466-806e-20c6daeb483f
Altman, Daniel T.
d41303fd-f94d-410c-adc7-fb828e5aceb0
Altman, Gregory T.
6012e67c-67a4-440d-a75c-54f8cd73838f
Jain, Sameer, Rajfer, Rebecca A., Melton-Kreft, Rachel, Nistico, Laura, Miller, Mark C., Stoodley, Paul, Altman, Daniel T. and Altman, Gregory T.
(2019)
Evaluation of bacterial presence on lead X-ray aprons utilised in the operating room via IBIS and standard culture methods.
Journal of Infection Prevention, 20 (4), .
(doi:10.1177/1757177419833163).
Abstract
Background: Despite precautions, surgical procedures carry risk of infection. Radiation-protective lead aprons worn by operating personnel are a potential source of bacterial contamination and have not been fully evaluated. Aim/objective: To evaluate lead aprons as a source of bacterial contamination, identify organisms most commonly found on this source, and devise a method with which to lower the risk of contamination.
Methods: In this basic science study, 20 randomly selected lead X-ray aprons were swabbed at three time points. The experimental treatment was with a hospital-grade disinfectant wipe. The samples were assessed for bacterial growth via traditional plating methods and mass spectrometry. Plates were graded on a scale of 0 to 4+ based on the number of quadrants with growth. Growth on one quadrant or more was considered contaminated.
Findings/results: Bacteria were initially detected via IBIS on a majority of the aprons (32/40), most commonly Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Virulent organisms cultured were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), Neisseria, Streptococcus viridans and pseudomonas. MRSE were detected on 5/20 of the samples. Immediately after treatment, the majority of aprons showed less bacterial contamination (0/20 standard culture positive; 13/20 IBIS positive) with some recurrence at the 6-h time point (2/20 standard culture positive, 16/20 IBIS positive). All MRSE detected initially was eradicated.
Discussion: Lead X-ray aprons worn in the operating room harbour bacteria. Disinfecting before use may prevent the introduction of virulent organisms to patients. Our proposed method of sanitising with a disinfectant wipe is quick and effective.
Text
xray aprons
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 4 November 2018
e-pub ahead of print date: 15 April 2019
Published date: 15 April 2019
Keywords:
biofilm, disinfectant, FISH, IBIS, Lead apron, MRSE, surgical site infection, wipe, X-ray
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 432810
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/432810
ISSN: 1757-1774
PURE UUID: 9993dbec-1239-495d-a7fc-d6983663305f
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Date deposited: 26 Jul 2019 16:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 04:01
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Contributors
Author:
Sameer Jain
Author:
Rebecca A. Rajfer
Author:
Rachel Melton-Kreft
Author:
Laura Nistico
Author:
Mark C. Miller
Author:
Daniel T. Altman
Author:
Gregory T. Altman
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