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Roadmap on metasurfaces

Roadmap on metasurfaces
Roadmap on metasurfaces

Metasurfaces are thin two-dimensional metamaterial layers that allow or inhibit the propagation of electromagnetic waves in desired directions. For example, metasurfaces have been demonstrated to produce unusual scattering properties of incident plane waves or to guide and modulate surface waves to obtain desired radiation properties. These properties have been employed, for example, to create innovative wireless receivers and transmitters. In addition, metasurfaces have recently been proposed to confine electromagnetic waves, thereby avoiding undesired leakage of energy and increasing the overall efficiency of electromagnetic instruments and devices. The main advantages of metasurfaces with respect to the existing conventional technology include their low cost, low level of absorption in comparison with bulky metamaterials, and easy integration due to their thin profile. Due to these advantages, they are promising candidates for real-world solutions to overcome the challenges posed by the next generation of transmitters and receivers of future high-rate communication systems that require highly precise and efficient antennas, sensors, active components, filters, and integrated technologies. This Roadmap is aimed at binding together the experiences of prominent researchers in the field of metasurfaces, from which explanations for the physics behind the extraordinary properties of these structures shall be provided from viewpoints of diverse theoretical backgrounds. Other goals of this endeavour are to underline the advantages and limitations of metasurfaces, as well as to lay out guidelines for their use in present and future electromagnetic devices. This Roadmap is divided into five sections: 1. Metasurface based antennas. In the last few years, metasurfaces have shown possibilities for advanced manipulations of electromagnetic waves, opening new frontiers in the design of antennas. In this section, the authors explain how metasurfaces can be employed to tailor the radiation properties of antennas, their remarkable advantages in comparison with conventional antennas, and the future challenges to be solved. 2. Optical metasurfaces. Although many of the present demonstrators operate in the microwave regime, due either to the reduced cost of manufacturing and testing or to satisfy the interest of the communications or aerospace industries, part of the potential use of metasurfaces is found in the optical regime. In this section, the authors summarize the classical applications and explain new possibilities for optical metasurfaces, such as the generation of superoscillatory fields and energy harvesters. 3. Reconfigurable and active metasurfaces. Dynamic metasurfaces are promising new platforms for 5G communications, remote sensing and radar applications. By the insertion of active elements, metasurfaces can break the fundamental limitations of passive and static systems. In this section, we have contributions that describe the challenges and potential uses of active components in metasurfaces, including new studies on non-Foster, parity-time symmetric, and non-reciprocal metasurfaces. 4. Metasurfaces with higher symmetries. Recent studies have demonstrated that the properties of metasurfaces are influenced by the symmetries of their constituent elements. Therefore, by controlling the properties of these constitutive elements and their arrangement, one can control the way in which the waves interact with the metasurface. In this section, the authors analyze the possibilities of combining more than one layer of metasurface, creating a higher symmetry, increasing the operational bandwidth of flat lenses, or producing cost-effective electromagnetic bandgaps. 5. Numerical and analytical modelling of metasurfaces. In most occasions, metasurfaces are electrically large objects, which cannot be simulated with conventional software. Modelling tools that allow the engineering of the metasurface properties to get the desired response are essential in the design of practical electromagnetic devices. This section includes the recent advances and future challenges in three groups of techniques that are broadly used to analyze and synthesize metasurfaces: circuit models, analytical solutions and computational methods.

Antennas, High-rate communications, Metasurfaces, Two-dimensional metamaterials
2040-8978
Quevedo-Teruel, Oscar
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Chen, Hongsheng
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Díaz-Rubio, Ana
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Gok, Gurkan
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Grbic, Anthony
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Minatti, Gabriele
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Martini, Enrica
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Maci, Stefano
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Eleftheriades, George V.
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Chen, Michael
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Zheludev, Nikolay I.
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Papasimakis, Nikitas
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Choudhury, Sajid
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Kudyshev, Zhaxylyk A.
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Saha, Soham
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Reddy, Harsha
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Boltasseva, Alexandra
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Shalaev, Vladimir M.
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Kildishev, Alexander V.
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Sievenpiper, Daniel
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Caloz, Christophe
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Alù, Andrea
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He, Qiong
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Zhou, Lei
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Valerio, Guido
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Rajo-Iglesias, Eva
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Sipus, Zvonimir
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Mesa, Francisco
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Rodríguez-Berral, Raul
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Medina, Francisco
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Asadchy, Victor
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Tretyakov, Sergei
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Craeye, Christophe
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Quevedo-Teruel, Oscar
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Chen, Hongsheng
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Díaz-Rubio, Ana
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Gok, Gurkan
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Grbic, Anthony
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Minatti, Gabriele
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Martini, Enrica
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Maci, Stefano
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Eleftheriades, George V.
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Chen, Michael
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Zheludev, Nikolay I.
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Papasimakis, Nikitas
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Saha, Soham
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Reddy, Harsha
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Boltasseva, Alexandra
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Shalaev, Vladimir M.
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Kildishev, Alexander V.
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Sievenpiper, Daniel
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Caloz, Christophe
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Alù, Andrea
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He, Qiong
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Zhou, Lei
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Valerio, Guido
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Rajo-Iglesias, Eva
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Sipus, Zvonimir
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Mesa, Francisco
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Rodríguez-Berral, Raul
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Medina, Francisco
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Asadchy, Victor
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Tretyakov, Sergei
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Craeye, Christophe
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Quevedo-Teruel, Oscar, Chen, Hongsheng, Díaz-Rubio, Ana, Gok, Gurkan, Grbic, Anthony, Minatti, Gabriele, Martini, Enrica, Maci, Stefano, Eleftheriades, George V., Chen, Michael, Zheludev, Nikolay I., Papasimakis, Nikitas, Choudhury, Sajid, Kudyshev, Zhaxylyk A., Saha, Soham, Reddy, Harsha, Boltasseva, Alexandra, Shalaev, Vladimir M., Kildishev, Alexander V., Sievenpiper, Daniel, Caloz, Christophe, Alù, Andrea, He, Qiong, Zhou, Lei, Valerio, Guido, Rajo-Iglesias, Eva, Sipus, Zvonimir, Mesa, Francisco, Rodríguez-Berral, Raul, Medina, Francisco, Asadchy, Victor, Tretyakov, Sergei and Craeye, Christophe (2019) Roadmap on metasurfaces. Journal of Optics (United Kingdom), 21 (7), [073002]. (doi:10.1088/2040-8986/ab161d).

Record type: Review

Abstract

Metasurfaces are thin two-dimensional metamaterial layers that allow or inhibit the propagation of electromagnetic waves in desired directions. For example, metasurfaces have been demonstrated to produce unusual scattering properties of incident plane waves or to guide and modulate surface waves to obtain desired radiation properties. These properties have been employed, for example, to create innovative wireless receivers and transmitters. In addition, metasurfaces have recently been proposed to confine electromagnetic waves, thereby avoiding undesired leakage of energy and increasing the overall efficiency of electromagnetic instruments and devices. The main advantages of metasurfaces with respect to the existing conventional technology include their low cost, low level of absorption in comparison with bulky metamaterials, and easy integration due to their thin profile. Due to these advantages, they are promising candidates for real-world solutions to overcome the challenges posed by the next generation of transmitters and receivers of future high-rate communication systems that require highly precise and efficient antennas, sensors, active components, filters, and integrated technologies. This Roadmap is aimed at binding together the experiences of prominent researchers in the field of metasurfaces, from which explanations for the physics behind the extraordinary properties of these structures shall be provided from viewpoints of diverse theoretical backgrounds. Other goals of this endeavour are to underline the advantages and limitations of metasurfaces, as well as to lay out guidelines for their use in present and future electromagnetic devices. This Roadmap is divided into five sections: 1. Metasurface based antennas. In the last few years, metasurfaces have shown possibilities for advanced manipulations of electromagnetic waves, opening new frontiers in the design of antennas. In this section, the authors explain how metasurfaces can be employed to tailor the radiation properties of antennas, their remarkable advantages in comparison with conventional antennas, and the future challenges to be solved. 2. Optical metasurfaces. Although many of the present demonstrators operate in the microwave regime, due either to the reduced cost of manufacturing and testing or to satisfy the interest of the communications or aerospace industries, part of the potential use of metasurfaces is found in the optical regime. In this section, the authors summarize the classical applications and explain new possibilities for optical metasurfaces, such as the generation of superoscillatory fields and energy harvesters. 3. Reconfigurable and active metasurfaces. Dynamic metasurfaces are promising new platforms for 5G communications, remote sensing and radar applications. By the insertion of active elements, metasurfaces can break the fundamental limitations of passive and static systems. In this section, we have contributions that describe the challenges and potential uses of active components in metasurfaces, including new studies on non-Foster, parity-time symmetric, and non-reciprocal metasurfaces. 4. Metasurfaces with higher symmetries. Recent studies have demonstrated that the properties of metasurfaces are influenced by the symmetries of their constituent elements. Therefore, by controlling the properties of these constitutive elements and their arrangement, one can control the way in which the waves interact with the metasurface. In this section, the authors analyze the possibilities of combining more than one layer of metasurface, creating a higher symmetry, increasing the operational bandwidth of flat lenses, or producing cost-effective electromagnetic bandgaps. 5. Numerical and analytical modelling of metasurfaces. In most occasions, metasurfaces are electrically large objects, which cannot be simulated with conventional software. Modelling tools that allow the engineering of the metasurface properties to get the desired response are essential in the design of practical electromagnetic devices. This section includes the recent advances and future challenges in three groups of techniques that are broadly used to analyze and synthesize metasurfaces: circuit models, analytical solutions and computational methods.

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Quevedo-Teruel_2019_J._Opt._21_073002 - Version of Record
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Accepted/In Press date: 4 April 2019
Published date: 1 July 2019
Keywords: Antennas, High-rate communications, Metasurfaces, Two-dimensional metamaterials

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 433797
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/433797
ISSN: 2040-8978
PURE UUID: 94a9b0ab-3c74-4f52-a086-2f824ed31919
ORCID for Nikolay I. Zheludev: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-6636
ORCID for Nikitas Papasimakis: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-6466

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Date deposited: 04 Sep 2019 16:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:10

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Contributors

Author: Oscar Quevedo-Teruel
Author: Hongsheng Chen
Author: Ana Díaz-Rubio
Author: Gurkan Gok
Author: Anthony Grbic
Author: Gabriele Minatti
Author: Enrica Martini
Author: Stefano Maci
Author: George V. Eleftheriades
Author: Michael Chen
Author: Nikolay I. Zheludev ORCID iD
Author: Nikitas Papasimakis ORCID iD
Author: Sajid Choudhury
Author: Zhaxylyk A. Kudyshev
Author: Soham Saha
Author: Harsha Reddy
Author: Alexandra Boltasseva
Author: Vladimir M. Shalaev
Author: Alexander V. Kildishev
Author: Daniel Sievenpiper
Author: Christophe Caloz
Author: Andrea Alù
Author: Qiong He
Author: Lei Zhou
Author: Guido Valerio
Author: Eva Rajo-Iglesias
Author: Zvonimir Sipus
Author: Francisco Mesa
Author: Raul Rodríguez-Berral
Author: Francisco Medina
Author: Victor Asadchy
Author: Sergei Tretyakov
Author: Christophe Craeye

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