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Incomplete inactivation of atypical scrapie following recommended autoclave decontamination procedures

Incomplete inactivation of atypical scrapie following recommended autoclave decontamination procedures
Incomplete inactivation of atypical scrapie following recommended autoclave decontamination procedures

Prions are highly resistant to the decontamination procedures normally used to inactivate conventional pathogens. This is a challenging problem not only in the medical and veterinary fields for minimizing the risk of transmission from potentially infective sources but also for ensuring the safe disposal or subsequent use of animal by-products. Specific pressure autoclaving protocols were developed for this purpose, but different strains of prions have been reported to have differing resistance patterns to established prion decontamination procedures, and as additional TSE strains are identified it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of such procedures. In this study we assessed the efficacy of sterilization using the EU recommended autoclave procedure for prions (133°C, 3 Bar for 20 min) on the atypical or Nor98 (AS/Nor98) scrapie strain of sheep and goats. Using a highly sensitive murine mouse model (tg338) that overexpresses ovine PrPC, we determined that this method of decontamination reduced the infectivity titre by 1010. Infectivity was nonetheless still detected after applying the recommended autoclaving protocol. This shows that AS/Nor98 can survive the designated legislative decontamination conditions, albeit with a significant decrease in titre. The infectivity of a classical scrapie isolate subjected to the same decontamination conditions was reduced by 106 suggesting that the AS/Nor98 isolate is less sensitive to decontamination than the classical scrapie source.

atypical scrapie, classical scrapie, inactivation, Nor98
1865-1674
1-9
Spiropoulos, John
0ad52f89-20fb-4cf3-903c-bfef501472e5
Lockey, Richard
0a457745-035e-47d6-a181-802d3cb32792
Beck, Katy E.
9e0fab54-aac9-41c1-af20-693c6254eb5d
Vickery, Chris
03a76c3a-39cb-492d-bf30-db16d29bc1da
Holder, Thomas M.
2c241603-cc81-4bc6-8636-690ec12e2e65
Thorne, Leigh
9caa25dd-49d8-4664-8c12-0c52dde72a7e
Arnold, Mark
91bb8099-4c1b-4e7d-8157-d63838714246
Andreoletti, Olivier
98cb4af7-2b8c-431b-885d-c1091e82153f
Simmons, Marion M.
d516af53-b6ee-4a63-9c16-b8537d974058
Terry, Linda A.
84a6b268-b7c6-485e-a815-4d555130ede3
Spiropoulos, John
0ad52f89-20fb-4cf3-903c-bfef501472e5
Lockey, Richard
0a457745-035e-47d6-a181-802d3cb32792
Beck, Katy E.
9e0fab54-aac9-41c1-af20-693c6254eb5d
Vickery, Chris
03a76c3a-39cb-492d-bf30-db16d29bc1da
Holder, Thomas M.
2c241603-cc81-4bc6-8636-690ec12e2e65
Thorne, Leigh
9caa25dd-49d8-4664-8c12-0c52dde72a7e
Arnold, Mark
91bb8099-4c1b-4e7d-8157-d63838714246
Andreoletti, Olivier
98cb4af7-2b8c-431b-885d-c1091e82153f
Simmons, Marion M.
d516af53-b6ee-4a63-9c16-b8537d974058
Terry, Linda A.
84a6b268-b7c6-485e-a815-4d555130ede3

Spiropoulos, John, Lockey, Richard, Beck, Katy E., Vickery, Chris, Holder, Thomas M., Thorne, Leigh, Arnold, Mark, Andreoletti, Olivier, Simmons, Marion M. and Terry, Linda A. (2019) Incomplete inactivation of atypical scrapie following recommended autoclave decontamination procedures. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 1-9. (doi:10.1111/tbed.13247).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Prions are highly resistant to the decontamination procedures normally used to inactivate conventional pathogens. This is a challenging problem not only in the medical and veterinary fields for minimizing the risk of transmission from potentially infective sources but also for ensuring the safe disposal or subsequent use of animal by-products. Specific pressure autoclaving protocols were developed for this purpose, but different strains of prions have been reported to have differing resistance patterns to established prion decontamination procedures, and as additional TSE strains are identified it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of such procedures. In this study we assessed the efficacy of sterilization using the EU recommended autoclave procedure for prions (133°C, 3 Bar for 20 min) on the atypical or Nor98 (AS/Nor98) scrapie strain of sheep and goats. Using a highly sensitive murine mouse model (tg338) that overexpresses ovine PrPC, we determined that this method of decontamination reduced the infectivity titre by 1010. Infectivity was nonetheless still detected after applying the recommended autoclaving protocol. This shows that AS/Nor98 can survive the designated legislative decontamination conditions, albeit with a significant decrease in titre. The infectivity of a classical scrapie isolate subjected to the same decontamination conditions was reduced by 106 suggesting that the AS/Nor98 isolate is less sensitive to decontamination than the classical scrapie source.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 16 May 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 May 2019
Keywords: atypical scrapie, classical scrapie, inactivation, Nor98

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 433928
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/433928
ISSN: 1865-1674
PURE UUID: 77ff6d21-4cd1-4068-b046-2256af1365ea

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Date deposited: 06 Sep 2019 16:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 02:46

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Contributors

Author: John Spiropoulos
Author: Richard Lockey
Author: Katy E. Beck
Author: Chris Vickery
Author: Thomas M. Holder
Author: Leigh Thorne
Author: Mark Arnold
Author: Olivier Andreoletti
Author: Marion M. Simmons
Author: Linda A. Terry

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