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Dietary inflammatory index and non-communicable disease risk: a narrative review

Dietary inflammatory index and non-communicable disease risk: a narrative review
Dietary inflammatory index and non-communicable disease risk: a narrative review

There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), a literature-derived dietary index, was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of habitual diet. Subsequently, a large and rapidly growing body of research investigating associations between dietary inflammatory potential, determined by the DII, and risk of a wide range of NCDs has emerged. In this narrative review, we examine the current state of the science regarding relationships between the DII and cancer, cardiometabolic, respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases, neurodevelopment, and adverse mental health outcomes. We synthesize the findings from recent studies, discuss potential underlying mechanisms, and look to the future regarding novel applications of the adult and children’s DII (C-DII) scores and new avenues of investigation in this field of nutritional research.

Bone health, Cancer, Cardiometabolic health, Dietary inflammatory index, Inflammation, Mental health, Metabolic syndrome, Neurodevelopment, Obesity, Respiratory health
Phillips, Catherine M.
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Chen, Ling Wei
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Heude, Barbara
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Bernard, Jonathan Y.
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Harvey, Nicholas C.
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Duijts, Liesbeth
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Mensink-Bout, Sara M.
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Polanska, Kinga
974b98b8-9e2a-42db-aa85-ad3fb4ce7b5a
Mancano, Giulia
ed7b3219-a624-4e83-b973-ceb4beb5b473
Suderman, Matthew
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Shivappa, Nitin
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Hébert, James R.
3b57991f-f8d2-4322-bbce-ee49e7b43430
Phillips, Catherine M.
3a0006b6-0c85-43e9-a237-91af26368d22
Chen, Ling Wei
4f340f85-a5e8-465b-b5d9-63f3b641a37e
Heude, Barbara
a3d371f1-f044-4a08-aa83-80564ac0e1e3
Bernard, Jonathan Y.
c831fc27-9e1a-46ca-b335-859e14c5083b
Harvey, Nicholas C.
ce487fb4-d360-4aac-9d17-9466d6cba145
Duijts, Liesbeth
9af3d956-5a40-4cd7-badd-542639c84460
Mensink-Bout, Sara M.
9bf55b4f-49aa-4baf-a83b-a5d8a2842276
Polanska, Kinga
974b98b8-9e2a-42db-aa85-ad3fb4ce7b5a
Mancano, Giulia
ed7b3219-a624-4e83-b973-ceb4beb5b473
Suderman, Matthew
404b6081-e1ce-4419-af87-3e19bad2322e
Shivappa, Nitin
1c0b527d-0366-4fb6-9e7d-1342b2009e8f
Hébert, James R.
3b57991f-f8d2-4322-bbce-ee49e7b43430

Phillips, Catherine M., Chen, Ling Wei, Heude, Barbara, Bernard, Jonathan Y., Harvey, Nicholas C., Duijts, Liesbeth, Mensink-Bout, Sara M., Polanska, Kinga, Mancano, Giulia, Suderman, Matthew, Shivappa, Nitin and Hébert, James R. (2019) Dietary inflammatory index and non-communicable disease risk: a narrative review. Nutrients, 11 (8), [1873]. (doi:10.3390/nu11081873).

Record type: Review

Abstract

There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), a literature-derived dietary index, was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of habitual diet. Subsequently, a large and rapidly growing body of research investigating associations between dietary inflammatory potential, determined by the DII, and risk of a wide range of NCDs has emerged. In this narrative review, we examine the current state of the science regarding relationships between the DII and cancer, cardiometabolic, respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases, neurodevelopment, and adverse mental health outcomes. We synthesize the findings from recent studies, discuss potential underlying mechanisms, and look to the future regarding novel applications of the adult and children’s DII (C-DII) scores and new avenues of investigation in this field of nutritional research.

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Accepted/In Press date: 5 August 2019
Published date: 12 August 2019
Keywords: Bone health, Cancer, Cardiometabolic health, Dietary inflammatory index, Inflammation, Mental health, Metabolic syndrome, Neurodevelopment, Obesity, Respiratory health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 434020
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/434020
PURE UUID: 865e02cc-27c4-4c93-b215-fbb4ddb5e31e
ORCID for Nicholas C. Harvey: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-2512

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Date deposited: 11 Sep 2019 16:30
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 02:58

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Contributors

Author: Catherine M. Phillips
Author: Ling Wei Chen
Author: Barbara Heude
Author: Jonathan Y. Bernard
Author: Liesbeth Duijts
Author: Sara M. Mensink-Bout
Author: Kinga Polanska
Author: Giulia Mancano
Author: Matthew Suderman
Author: Nitin Shivappa
Author: James R. Hébert

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