Biocide susceptibilities and biofilm-forming capacities of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from Malaysia
Biocide susceptibilities and biofilm-forming capacities of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from Malaysia
Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen that has the capacity to develop resistance to all classes of antimicrobial compounds. However, very little is known regarding its susceptibility to biocides (antiseptics and disinfectants) and capacity to form biofilms, particularly for Malaysian isolates.Aim. To determine the susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates to commonly-used biocides, investigate their biofilm-forming capacities and the prevalence of biocide resistance and biofilm-associated genes.Methodology. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 100 A. baumannii hospital isolates from Terengganu, Malaysia, towards the biocides benzalkonium chloride (BZK), benzethonium chloride (BZT) and chlorhexidine digluconate (CLX), were determined by broth microdilution. The isolates were also examined for their ability to form biofilms in 96-well microplates. The prevalence of biocide resistance genes qacA, qacE and qacDE1 and the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results. Majority of the A. baumannii isolates (43%) showed higher MIC values (> 50 µg/mL) for CLX than for BZK (5% for MIC > 50 µg/mL) and BZT (9% for MIC > 50 µg/mL). The qacDE1 gene was predominant (63%) followed by qacE (28%) whereas no isolate was found harbouring qacA. All isolates were positive for the bap and abaI genes although the biofilm-forming capacity varied among the isolates.Conclusion. The Terengganu A. baumannii isolates showed higher prevalence of qacDE1 compared to qacE although no correlation was found with the biocides’ MIC values. No correlation was also observed between the isolates’ biofilm-forming capacity and the MIC values for the biocides.
Acinetobacter baumannii, biocides, biofilm, chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkolium chloride, benzethonium chloride
626-633
A'shimi, Muhammad Harith Nor
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Alattraqchi, Ahmed Ghazi
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Mohd Rani, Farahiyah
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Rahman, Nor Iza A.
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Ismail, Salwani
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Abdullah, Fatimah Haslina
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Othman, Norlela
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Cleary, David
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Clarke, Stuart
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Yeo, Chew Chieng
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31 July 2019
A'shimi, Muhammad Harith Nor
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Alattraqchi, Ahmed Ghazi
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Mohd Rani, Farahiyah
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Rahman, Nor Iza A.
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Ismail, Salwani
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Abdullah, Fatimah Haslina
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Othman, Norlela
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Cleary, David
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Clarke, Stuart
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Yeo, Chew Chieng
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A'shimi, Muhammad Harith Nor, Alattraqchi, Ahmed Ghazi, Mohd Rani, Farahiyah, Rahman, Nor Iza A., Ismail, Salwani, Abdullah, Fatimah Haslina, Othman, Norlela, Cleary, David, Clarke, Stuart and Yeo, Chew Chieng
(2019)
Biocide susceptibilities and biofilm-forming capacities of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from Malaysia.
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 13 (7), .
(doi:10.3855/jidc.11455).
Abstract
Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen that has the capacity to develop resistance to all classes of antimicrobial compounds. However, very little is known regarding its susceptibility to biocides (antiseptics and disinfectants) and capacity to form biofilms, particularly for Malaysian isolates.Aim. To determine the susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates to commonly-used biocides, investigate their biofilm-forming capacities and the prevalence of biocide resistance and biofilm-associated genes.Methodology. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 100 A. baumannii hospital isolates from Terengganu, Malaysia, towards the biocides benzalkonium chloride (BZK), benzethonium chloride (BZT) and chlorhexidine digluconate (CLX), were determined by broth microdilution. The isolates were also examined for their ability to form biofilms in 96-well microplates. The prevalence of biocide resistance genes qacA, qacE and qacDE1 and the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results. Majority of the A. baumannii isolates (43%) showed higher MIC values (> 50 µg/mL) for CLX than for BZK (5% for MIC > 50 µg/mL) and BZT (9% for MIC > 50 µg/mL). The qacDE1 gene was predominant (63%) followed by qacE (28%) whereas no isolate was found harbouring qacA. All isolates were positive for the bap and abaI genes although the biofilm-forming capacity varied among the isolates.Conclusion. The Terengganu A. baumannii isolates showed higher prevalence of qacDE1 compared to qacE although no correlation was found with the biocides’ MIC values. No correlation was also observed between the isolates’ biofilm-forming capacity and the MIC values for the biocides.
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Biocide susceptibilities and biofilm-forming capacities of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from Malaysia
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Biocide susceptibilities
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Accepted/In Press date: 26 June 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 31 July 2019
Published date: 31 July 2019
Keywords:
Acinetobacter baumannii, biocides, biofilm, chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkolium chloride, benzethonium chloride
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Local EPrints ID: 434104
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/434104
ISSN: 1972-2680
PURE UUID: 99934d70-769b-4d49-bf70-d79b28a16099
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Date deposited: 12 Sep 2019 16:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:07
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Contributors
Author:
Muhammad Harith Nor A'shimi
Author:
Ahmed Ghazi Alattraqchi
Author:
Farahiyah Mohd Rani
Author:
Nor Iza A. Rahman
Author:
Salwani Ismail
Author:
Fatimah Haslina Abdullah
Author:
Norlela Othman
Author:
Chew Chieng Yeo
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