Structural and chemical comparison between moderately oxygenated and edge oxygenated graphene: mechanical, electrical and thermal performance of the epoxy nanocomposites
Structural and chemical comparison between moderately oxygenated and edge oxygenated graphene: mechanical, electrical and thermal performance of the epoxy nanocomposites
Two different graphitic powders, namely: moderately-oxidized graphene oxide (mGO) synthesized via a chromium-based technique and a commercial edge-oxidized graphene oxide (eGO), were characterized and incorporated into an epoxy resin, suitable for wind turbine blade structural components. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis revealed low oxygen content, but divergent structural characteristics for both powders confirming the increased basal-plane functionality of mGO compared to the peripherally decorated eGO. It is also shown that the eGO, displays carbon-based impurities. The inclusion of mGO, into the epoxy resulted in an initial glass transition temperature (Tg) increase (~ 5 °C at 4.4 vol.% mGO) but thereafter Tg decreased sharply. On the contrary, the inclusion of eGO resulted only in a progressive Tg increase. Introduction of just 1 vol.% of eGO deteriorated the tensile strength (~ 15% reduction) of the epoxy, while the strength of the mGO-filled samples was retained. Inclusion of mGO results in a percolation threshold (increase from 4.6 × 10−16 to 6 × 10−9 S/cm) at 0.53 vol.%; in contrast, at the same filler content, the eGO-filled systems are characterized by drastically lower conductivity values (3.4 × 10−16 S/cm). Nevertheless, further analysis indicates similar intrinsic conductivity (~ 10−6 S/cm) for the two fillers. Finally, the maximum achieved thermal conductivity increase with mGO was 200% (at 9.13 vol.%) compared with the unfilled epoxy, while the respective increase with eGO was 150% (at 18 vol.%).
Vryonis, Orestis
4affde05-88f2-436f-b036-dceedf31ea9c
Andritsch, Thomas
8681e640-e584-424e-a1f1-0d8b713de01c
Vaughan, Alun
6d813b66-17f9-4864-9763-25a6d659d8a3
Lewin, Paul
78b4fc49-1cb3-4db9-ba90-3ae70c0f639e
October 2019
Vryonis, Orestis
4affde05-88f2-436f-b036-dceedf31ea9c
Andritsch, Thomas
8681e640-e584-424e-a1f1-0d8b713de01c
Vaughan, Alun
6d813b66-17f9-4864-9763-25a6d659d8a3
Lewin, Paul
78b4fc49-1cb3-4db9-ba90-3ae70c0f639e
Vryonis, Orestis, Andritsch, Thomas, Vaughan, Alun and Lewin, Paul
(2019)
Structural and chemical comparison between moderately oxygenated and edge oxygenated graphene: mechanical, electrical and thermal performance of the epoxy nanocomposites.
SN Applied Sciences, 1, [1275].
(doi:10.1007/s42452-019-1303-9).
Abstract
Two different graphitic powders, namely: moderately-oxidized graphene oxide (mGO) synthesized via a chromium-based technique and a commercial edge-oxidized graphene oxide (eGO), were characterized and incorporated into an epoxy resin, suitable for wind turbine blade structural components. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis revealed low oxygen content, but divergent structural characteristics for both powders confirming the increased basal-plane functionality of mGO compared to the peripherally decorated eGO. It is also shown that the eGO, displays carbon-based impurities. The inclusion of mGO, into the epoxy resulted in an initial glass transition temperature (Tg) increase (~ 5 °C at 4.4 vol.% mGO) but thereafter Tg decreased sharply. On the contrary, the inclusion of eGO resulted only in a progressive Tg increase. Introduction of just 1 vol.% of eGO deteriorated the tensile strength (~ 15% reduction) of the epoxy, while the strength of the mGO-filled samples was retained. Inclusion of mGO results in a percolation threshold (increase from 4.6 × 10−16 to 6 × 10−9 S/cm) at 0.53 vol.%; in contrast, at the same filler content, the eGO-filled systems are characterized by drastically lower conductivity values (3.4 × 10−16 S/cm). Nevertheless, further analysis indicates similar intrinsic conductivity (~ 10−6 S/cm) for the two fillers. Finally, the maximum achieved thermal conductivity increase with mGO was 200% (at 9.13 vol.%) compared with the unfilled epoxy, while the respective increase with eGO was 150% (at 18 vol.%).
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Accepted/In Press date: 18 September 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 25 September 2019
Published date: October 2019
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 434885
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/434885
ISSN: 2523-3971
PURE UUID: 0042a953-8a57-4467-91c0-97c5b02df63d
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Date deposited: 15 Oct 2019 16:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:40
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Author:
Orestis Vryonis
Author:
Thomas Andritsch
Author:
Alun Vaughan
Author:
Paul Lewin
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