Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in nonobese subjects of African origin has atypical metabolic characteristics
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in nonobese subjects of African origin has atypical metabolic characteristics
Background
Nonobese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is reported in several populations. However, because persons of African origin display unique fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles, we investigated fatty liver in nonobese persons of African origin.
Method
We recruited 78 urban Jamaican volunteers. CT was used to estimate liver and abdominal fat and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure body composition. Fasting blood was collected for lipids, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), adiponectin, and fetuin-A. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI), insulinogenic index (IGI), and oral disposition index (oDI) were calculated after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test.
Results
Fifty-two percent of participants were male; mean (±SD) age was 28.5 ± 7.8 years, and body mass index was 22.4 ± 3.0 kg/m2. Mean liver attenuation (MLA) and liver/spleen (LS) ratio, both inversely correlated to liver fat, were 62.8 ± 4.3 HU and 1.2 ± 0.1, respectively; 3.8% of participants had liver fat >30% (LS ratio < 1). In age, sex, and BMI-adjusted correlations, MLA was negatively associated with weight (r = −0.30; P = 0.009) and height (r = −0.28; P = 0.017) and was associated with fasting glucose (r = 0.23; P = 0.05), fasting insulin (r = 0.42; P ≤ 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.35; P = 0.004). Serum lipids, ALT, adiponectin, fetuin-A, WBISI, IGI, and oDI were not associated with liver fat.
Conclusions
In nonobese Afro-Caribbean participants, greater liver fat was associated with weight and height and lower fasting insulin and hyperinsulinemia appears to be influential in the reduction of NAFLD. These findings may be influenced by ethnicity, body size, and method of estimating liver fat.
Thompson, D.S.
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Tennant, I.A.
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Soares, D.P.
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Osmond, C.
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Byrne, C.D.
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Forrester, T.E.
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Boyne, M.S.
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November 2019
Thompson, D.S.
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Tennant, I.A.
ca27ddb9-9b34-460a-a4aa-7f33cff7f9ba
Soares, D.P.
01a82aba-a043-4af7-b576-a7083a6d843a
Osmond, C.
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Byrne, C.D.
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c
Forrester, T.E.
bb3a3675-9204-4743-b4e0-f8d0ddd55932
Boyne, M.S.
4f1a8543-68dd-4e6a-a75c-013faca58a91
Thompson, D.S., Tennant, I.A., Soares, D.P., Osmond, C., Byrne, C.D., Forrester, T.E. and Boyne, M.S.
(2019)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in nonobese subjects of African origin has atypical metabolic characteristics.
Journal of the Endocrine Society, 3 (11).
(doi:10.1210/js.2019-00138).
Abstract
Background
Nonobese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is reported in several populations. However, because persons of African origin display unique fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles, we investigated fatty liver in nonobese persons of African origin.
Method
We recruited 78 urban Jamaican volunteers. CT was used to estimate liver and abdominal fat and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure body composition. Fasting blood was collected for lipids, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), adiponectin, and fetuin-A. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI), insulinogenic index (IGI), and oral disposition index (oDI) were calculated after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test.
Results
Fifty-two percent of participants were male; mean (±SD) age was 28.5 ± 7.8 years, and body mass index was 22.4 ± 3.0 kg/m2. Mean liver attenuation (MLA) and liver/spleen (LS) ratio, both inversely correlated to liver fat, were 62.8 ± 4.3 HU and 1.2 ± 0.1, respectively; 3.8% of participants had liver fat >30% (LS ratio < 1). In age, sex, and BMI-adjusted correlations, MLA was negatively associated with weight (r = −0.30; P = 0.009) and height (r = −0.28; P = 0.017) and was associated with fasting glucose (r = 0.23; P = 0.05), fasting insulin (r = 0.42; P ≤ 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.35; P = 0.004). Serum lipids, ALT, adiponectin, fetuin-A, WBISI, IGI, and oDI were not associated with liver fat.
Conclusions
In nonobese Afro-Caribbean participants, greater liver fat was associated with weight and height and lower fasting insulin and hyperinsulinemia appears to be influential in the reduction of NAFLD. These findings may be influenced by ethnicity, body size, and method of estimating liver fat.
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Nonobese NAFLD-JES- Clean version J Endocr Soc 2019
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Accepted/In Press date: 15 August 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 August 2019
Published date: November 2019
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 435378
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/435378
ISSN: 2472-1972
PURE UUID: f7f36fd6-2855-4c87-a991-f08b86502383
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Date deposited: 01 Nov 2019 17:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 02:49
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Contributors
Author:
D.S. Thompson
Author:
I.A. Tennant
Author:
D.P. Soares
Author:
T.E. Forrester
Author:
M.S. Boyne
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