LoRaWAN for smart city IoT deployments: a long term evaluation

LoRaWAN is a Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology designed for Internet of Things (IoT) deployments; this paper presents experiences from deploying a city-scale LoRaWAN network across Southampton, UK. This network was deployed to support an installation of air quality monitors and to explore the capabilities of LoRaWAN. This deployment uses a mixture of commercial off-the-shelf gateways and custom gateways. These gateway locations were chosen based on network access, site permission and accessibility, and are not necessarily the best locations theoretically. Over 135,000 messages have been transmitted by the twenty devices analysed. Over the course of the complete deployment, 72.4 % of the messages were successfully received by the data server. Of the messages that were received, 99 % were received within 10 s of transmission. We conclude that LoRaWAN is an applicable communication technology for city-scale air quality monitoring and other smart city applications.

Communication networks, Internet of things, LoRaWAN, Smart city, Wireless sensor networks

10.3390/s20030648

1424-8220

1-16

Basford, Philip J

efd8fbec-4a5f-4914-bf29-885b7f4677a7

Bulot, Florentin

47870de2-3ba2-4425-b07a-16ce48ee3956

Apetroaie-Cristea, Mihaela

5fc15df9-13e3-474a-b21b-7c457a1dc8eb

Cox, Simon

0e62aaed-24ad-4a74-b996-f606e40e5c55

Ossont, Steven

6b903ec2-7bae-4a56-9c21-eea0a70bfa2b

23 January 2020

Basford, Philip J

efd8fbec-4a5f-4914-bf29-885b7f4677a7

Bulot, Florentin

47870de2-3ba2-4425-b07a-16ce48ee3956

Apetroaie-Cristea, Mihaela

5fc15df9-13e3-474a-b21b-7c457a1dc8eb

Cox, Simon

0e62aaed-24ad-4a74-b996-f606e40e5c55

Ossont, Steven

6b903ec2-7bae-4a56-9c21-eea0a70bfa2b

Basford, Philip J, Bulot, Florentin, Apetroaie-Cristea, Mihaela, Cox, Simon and Ossont, Steven (2020) LoRaWAN for smart city IoT deployments: a long term evaluation. Sensors, 20 (3), 1-16, [648]. (doi:10.3390/s20030648).

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Submitted date: 14 December 2019

Accepted/In Press date: 21 January 2020

e-pub ahead of print date: 23 January 2020

Published date: 23 January 2020

Additional Information: Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P004024/1 and EP/M508147/1); Next Generation Unmanned Systems Science Centre for Doctoral Training supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/L002531/1); the Leverhulme Trust through the Southampton Marine and Maritime Institute; University of Southampton ADR fund 2018. The APC was funded by Natural Environment Research Council. Funding Information: Acknowledgments: We acknowledge support from the following: Richard Lansdowne and Semtech for their ongoing LoRaWAN support. The New Forest Park Authority, Forestry England, and Southampton Sailing Club for hosting LoRaWAN gateways. Josh Curry and Nick Harris for installing and providing data for their gateway (location C in Figure 1). This is an extended version of a conference paper ©c 2019 IEEE. Reprinted, with permission from https://doi.org/10.1109/GIOTS.2019.8766359 Publisher Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

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