Integrated sources and detectors of nonclassical states of light in silicon nitride

Abstract

The work presented in this thesis aims to integrate sources and detectors of nonclassical states of light into a single photonic chip. Correlated pairs of single photons are among the most used sources in many quantum optics and quantum information experiments but their integration with detectors still remains a challenging task. In the first part of the thesis we exploit the generation of correlated pairs of photons in the visible spectrum using an integrated Silicon Nitride microring resonator. As the fabrication process of our sources is fully compatible with back-end CMOS technology, we also discuss the unique possibility of integration with silicon avalanche photodectors to provide a platform for commercially available, fully integrated, analogue quantum simulator working at room temperature. The drawback of universal quantum computation with single photons is its probabilistic nature that increases the technological complexity to obtain complete on chip integration of all necessary components to prepare, manipulate and measure quantum states of light. On the other hand, quantum information processing with continuous variables is completely deterministic. Therefore, in the second part of this work we report design, fabrication and experimental verification of an integrated source of broadband squeezed state of light on a photonic chip. We numerically investigate the amount of obtained squeezing and spurious noise that prevents us to observe shot noise reduction at short sideband frequencies. Additionally, we propose a design to extend our work towards hybridization with discrete variables to obtain qubits that can be protected against errors.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Alberto Politi: orcid.org/0000-0002-3668-9474

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