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Experimental study of DI diesel engine performance using three different biodiesel fuels

Experimental study of DI diesel engine performance using three different biodiesel fuels
Experimental study of DI diesel engine performance using three different biodiesel fuels
Methyl esters derived from vegetable oils by the process of transesterification (commonly referred as ‘biodiesel’), can be used as an alternative fuel in compression ignition engines. In this study, three different vegetable oils (rape, soy and waste oil) were used to produce biodiesel fuels that were then tested in a four cylinder direct injection engine, typically used in small diesel genset applications. Engine performance and emissions were recorded at five load conditions and at two different speeds. This paper presents the results obtained for measurements of NOx and smoke opacity at the different speed and load conditions for the three biodiesels, and their blends (5 and 50% v/v) with mineral diesel. A simple combustion analysis was also performed where ignition delay, position and magnitude of peak cylinder pressure and heat release rate were examined to asses how the variation of chemical structure and blend percentage affects engine performance.
Engine performance and emissions for all of the 5% biodiesel blends were indistinguishable from mineral diesel. However, at higher blends, the rape fuel exhibited better emission and performance characteristics than either the soy or waste fuels. Furthermore; whilst emissions trends varied for each blend and fuel, emissions of smoke were significantly reduced at all speed and load conditions, and NOx was reduced by up to 50% at low loads. It will also be shown that while engine performance was not significantly deteriorated by biodiesel, there was evidence of increased ignition delay with higher blends, and a possible two stage ignition process where mineral diesel ignited earlier than the biodiesel.
SAE International
Patterson, Jill
3356c0d1-10ff-472e-a279-684c0facf694
Hassan Sayed, Mohamed G.
ce323212-f178-4d72-85cf-23cd30605cd8
Clarke, Andrew
b54fba97-b95a-4a17-86d6-c2bb0f1d10e3
Shama, Gilbert
29e99389-eaaf-4e7a-a057-41ccf97cd1f1
Hellgardt, K
dcb2de36-a8f9-4f30-99a5-bcd934fd274f
Chen, R
a55cc107-e990-4e06-8bef-50a97c2c18f8
Patterson, Jill
3356c0d1-10ff-472e-a279-684c0facf694
Hassan Sayed, Mohamed G.
ce323212-f178-4d72-85cf-23cd30605cd8
Clarke, Andrew
b54fba97-b95a-4a17-86d6-c2bb0f1d10e3
Shama, Gilbert
29e99389-eaaf-4e7a-a057-41ccf97cd1f1
Hellgardt, K
dcb2de36-a8f9-4f30-99a5-bcd934fd274f
Chen, R
a55cc107-e990-4e06-8bef-50a97c2c18f8

Patterson, Jill, Hassan Sayed, Mohamed G., Clarke, Andrew, Shama, Gilbert, Hellgardt, K and Chen, R (2006) Experimental study of DI diesel engine performance using three different biodiesel fuels SAE International (doi:10.4271/2006-01-0234).

Record type: Monograph (Project Report)

Abstract

Methyl esters derived from vegetable oils by the process of transesterification (commonly referred as ‘biodiesel’), can be used as an alternative fuel in compression ignition engines. In this study, three different vegetable oils (rape, soy and waste oil) were used to produce biodiesel fuels that were then tested in a four cylinder direct injection engine, typically used in small diesel genset applications. Engine performance and emissions were recorded at five load conditions and at two different speeds. This paper presents the results obtained for measurements of NOx and smoke opacity at the different speed and load conditions for the three biodiesels, and their blends (5 and 50% v/v) with mineral diesel. A simple combustion analysis was also performed where ignition delay, position and magnitude of peak cylinder pressure and heat release rate were examined to asses how the variation of chemical structure and blend percentage affects engine performance.
Engine performance and emissions for all of the 5% biodiesel blends were indistinguishable from mineral diesel. However, at higher blends, the rape fuel exhibited better emission and performance characteristics than either the soy or waste fuels. Furthermore; whilst emissions trends varied for each blend and fuel, emissions of smoke were significantly reduced at all speed and load conditions, and NOx was reduced by up to 50% at low loads. It will also be shown that while engine performance was not significantly deteriorated by biodiesel, there was evidence of increased ignition delay with higher blends, and a possible two stage ignition process where mineral diesel ignited earlier than the biodiesel.

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More information

Published date: 2006
Venue - Dates: SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition, , Detroit, Michigan, United States, 2006-04-03 - 2006-04-06

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 438192
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/438192
PURE UUID: 7183c8c8-0e66-492a-8fc8-05431eb5065e
ORCID for Mohamed G. Hassan Sayed: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-4543

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 04 Mar 2020 17:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 04:00

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Contributors

Author: Jill Patterson
Author: Andrew Clarke
Author: Gilbert Shama
Author: K Hellgardt
Author: R Chen

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