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MMS observations and hybrid simulations of surface ripples at a marginally quasi-parallel shock

MMS observations and hybrid simulations of surface ripples at a marginally quasi-parallel shock
MMS observations and hybrid simulations of surface ripples at a marginally quasi-parallel shock

Simulations and observations of collisionless shocks have shown that deviations of the nominal local shock normal orientation, that is, surface waves or ripples, are expected to propagate in the ramp and overshoot of quasi-perpendicular shocks. Here we identify signatures of a surface ripple propagating during a crossing of Earth's marginally quasi-parallel (θBn∼45) or quasi-parallel bow shock on 27 November 2015 06:01:44 UTC by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission and determine the ripple's properties using multispacecraft methods. Using two-dimensional hybrid simulations, we confirm that surface ripples are a feature of marginally quasi-parallel and quasi-parallel shocks under the observed solar wind conditions. In addition, since these marginally quasi-parallel and quasi-parallel shocks are expected to undergo a cyclic reformation of the shock front, we discuss the impact of multiple sources of nonstationarity on shock structure. Importantly, ripples are shown to be transient phenomena, developing faster than an ion gyroperiod and only during the period of the reformation cycle when a newly developed shock ramp is unaffected by turbulence in the foot. We conclude that the change in properties of the ripple observed by MMS is consistent with the reformation of the shock front over a time scale of an ion gyroperiod.

bow shock, hybrid simulation, MMS, quasi-parallel, ripples
2169-9380
11,003-11,017
Gingell, Imogen
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Schwartz, Steven J.
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Burgess, David
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Johlander, Andreas
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Russell, Christopher T.
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Burch, James L.
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Ergun, Robert E.
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Fuselier, Stephen
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Gershman, Daniel J.
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Giles, Barbara L.
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Goodrich, Katherine A.
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Khotyaintsev, Yuri V.
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Lavraud, Benoit
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Lindqvist, Per Arne
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Strangeway, Robert J.
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Trattner, Karlheinz
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Torbert, Roy B.
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Wei, Hanying
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Wilder, Frederick
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Gingell, Imogen
ba7b8113-3833-40d8-a879-aab3f987455d
Schwartz, Steven J.
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Burgess, David
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Johlander, Andreas
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Russell, Christopher T.
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Burch, James L.
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Ergun, Robert E.
29d9ee4e-c45f-4e74-b478-3131183c6602
Fuselier, Stephen
be4208fd-9f99-4cd9-8111-43383fc4f188
Gershman, Daniel J.
00afda5d-e397-4629-b978-12058b1f7c72
Giles, Barbara L.
eceb7be2-b272-40cb-a9af-82687b2708fd
Goodrich, Katherine A.
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Khotyaintsev, Yuri V.
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Lavraud, Benoit
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Lindqvist, Per Arne
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Strangeway, Robert J.
2fd4cc7c-d923-448d-babf-ce95399ed494
Trattner, Karlheinz
93c56ffe-958a-41c3-821d-550a0883e366
Torbert, Roy B.
dfb49866-d44d-4404-81cd-22cef59d8f03
Wei, Hanying
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Wilder, Frederick
d883dc83-461b-4e13-a035-77c27b68c9a5

Gingell, Imogen, Schwartz, Steven J., Burgess, David, Johlander, Andreas, Russell, Christopher T., Burch, James L., Ergun, Robert E., Fuselier, Stephen, Gershman, Daniel J., Giles, Barbara L., Goodrich, Katherine A., Khotyaintsev, Yuri V., Lavraud, Benoit, Lindqvist, Per Arne, Strangeway, Robert J., Trattner, Karlheinz, Torbert, Roy B., Wei, Hanying and Wilder, Frederick (2017) MMS observations and hybrid simulations of surface ripples at a marginally quasi-parallel shock. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122 (11), 11,003-11,017. (doi:10.1002/2017JA024538).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Simulations and observations of collisionless shocks have shown that deviations of the nominal local shock normal orientation, that is, surface waves or ripples, are expected to propagate in the ramp and overshoot of quasi-perpendicular shocks. Here we identify signatures of a surface ripple propagating during a crossing of Earth's marginally quasi-parallel (θBn∼45) or quasi-parallel bow shock on 27 November 2015 06:01:44 UTC by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission and determine the ripple's properties using multispacecraft methods. Using two-dimensional hybrid simulations, we confirm that surface ripples are a feature of marginally quasi-parallel and quasi-parallel shocks under the observed solar wind conditions. In addition, since these marginally quasi-parallel and quasi-parallel shocks are expected to undergo a cyclic reformation of the shock front, we discuss the impact of multiple sources of nonstationarity on shock structure. Importantly, ripples are shown to be transient phenomena, developing faster than an ion gyroperiod and only during the period of the reformation cycle when a newly developed shock ramp is unaffected by turbulence in the foot. We conclude that the change in properties of the ripple observed by MMS is consistent with the reformation of the shock front over a time scale of an ion gyroperiod.

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MMS Observations and Hybrid Simulations of Surface Ripples at a Marginally Quasi-Parallel Shock - Accepted Manuscript
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
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2017JA024538@10.1002_(ISSN)2169-9402.MMS2 - Version of Record
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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 30 September 2017
e-pub ahead of print date: 6 October 2017
Published date: 1 November 2017
Additional Information: This article also appears in: Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission results throughout the first primary mission phase
Keywords: bow shock, hybrid simulation, MMS, quasi-parallel, ripples

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 439022
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/439022
ISSN: 2169-9380
PURE UUID: 69f4ec7e-47b6-4b87-b463-e3b93b49b094
ORCID for Imogen Gingell: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2218-1909

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Date deposited: 01 Apr 2020 16:31
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:55

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Contributors

Author: Imogen Gingell ORCID iD
Author: Steven J. Schwartz
Author: David Burgess
Author: Andreas Johlander
Author: Christopher T. Russell
Author: James L. Burch
Author: Robert E. Ergun
Author: Stephen Fuselier
Author: Daniel J. Gershman
Author: Barbara L. Giles
Author: Katherine A. Goodrich
Author: Yuri V. Khotyaintsev
Author: Benoit Lavraud
Author: Per Arne Lindqvist
Author: Robert J. Strangeway
Author: Karlheinz Trattner
Author: Roy B. Torbert
Author: Hanying Wei
Author: Frederick Wilder

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