The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

The rise and fall of an extraordinary Ca-rich transient: The discovery of ATLAS19dqr/SN 2019bkc

The rise and fall of an extraordinary Ca-rich transient: The discovery of ATLAS19dqr/SN 2019bkc
The rise and fall of an extraordinary Ca-rich transient: The discovery of ATLAS19dqr/SN 2019bkc
This work presents the observations and analysis of ATLAS19dqr/SN 2019bkc, an extraordinary rapidly evolving transient event located in an isolated environment, tens of kiloparsecs from any likely host. Its light curves rise to maximum light in 5−6 d and then display a decline of Δm15 ∼ 5 mag. With such a pronounced decay, it has one of the most rapidly evolving light curves known for a stellar explosion. The early spectra show similarities to normal and “ultra-stripped” type Ic SNe, but the early nebular phase spectra, which were reached just over two weeks after explosion, display prominent calcium lines, marking SN 2019bkc as a Ca-rich transient. The Ca emission lines at this phase show an unprecedented and unexplained blueshift of 10 000–12 000 km s−1. Modelling of the light curve and the early spectra suggests that the transient had a low ejecta mass of 0.2−0.4 M⊙ and a low kinetic energy of (2−4) × 1050 erg, giving a specific kinetic energy Ek/Mej ∼ 1 [1051 erg]/M⊙. The origin of this event cannot be unambiguously defined. While the abundance distribution used to model the spectra marginally favours a progenitor of white dwarf origin through the tentative identification of Ar II, the specific kinetic energy, which is defined by the explosion mechanism, is found to be more similar to an ultra-stripped core-collapse events. SN 2019bkc adds to the diverse range of physical properties shown by Ca-rich events.
Supernovae: individual: SN 2019bkc
0004-6361
Prentice, S. J.
77a10ca6-e355-4082-a983-9d1a821dbfa9
Maguire, K.
513f5165-9949-4bd1-806c-0a4a2502fc32
Flörs, A.
e5a612a4-b191-4596-9b5f-0b086c90f416
Taubenberger, S.
7c7ff23b-6c8b-4f52-a89b-a340ac24edd2
Inserra, C.
9e72801e-03a2-4641-8f20-5686367e32e1
Frohmaier, C.
0888fc8a-7dd0-4096-bd7f-bd3a2d192f19
Chen, T.W.
cd4e7352-c7f5-4078-8750-869a6952fd3c
Anderson, J.P.
faa7ac9d-8c3e-4ca9-b459-22ddc9fd8ba3
Ashall, C.
dd74bf34-cf2c-45e0-bc93-ff1f5d16145c
Clark, P.
90312c5a-0178-4780-a13a-df8dcdcc6369
Fraser, M.
64dbf9c2-f24f-4a5a-b5a7-88dac79047a1
Galbany, L.
00c01d75-7cd2-4583-894b-0d64cc95674d
Gal-Yam, A.
6ad43746-9f2d-4169-9910-b9d6e78951c8
Gromadzki, M.
8cdd0862-0f84-4b90-b36e-21c97352bb9c
Gutierrez Avendano, Claudia Patricia
14464da3-b453-4980-bff2-b22afa4b4366
James, P.A.
48639959-045f-4e55-a372-725c779da809
Jonker, P.G.
d339296c-deeb-433c-9230-f818694cc049
Kankare, E.
2b029775-425a-47bd-bab1-73980cbb73d5
Leloudas, G.
dd59f747-9457-4f0f-88c6-78826ad62d1b
Magee, M.R.
ed9dd018-7341-49f9-922f-91a1a8690275
Mazzali, P.A.
961cd49e-956e-48f8-b8be-bcc4abb90eb6
Nicholl, M.
207b5a5a-3ac2-487d-96a7-4516eaa6cfdf
Pursiainen, M.
8d084c90-8bee-4fe3-a41b-b1aee050bb8a
Skillen, K.
c60f18ec-b94f-4b3b-9a3c-13da555d642f
Smartt, S. J.
148257f7-efab-459e-b932-228db4e2b1d0
Smith, K.W.
a9e7e2c7-b6dc-40ce-be3c-54aa8f1a7a36
Vogl, C.
e3afdaf6-ae0d-46da-b0dc-a9f3b85ddff8
Young, D.R.
e3717833-be4d-43f6-9fe1-7fc849ef9f6f
Prentice, S. J.
77a10ca6-e355-4082-a983-9d1a821dbfa9
Maguire, K.
513f5165-9949-4bd1-806c-0a4a2502fc32
Flörs, A.
e5a612a4-b191-4596-9b5f-0b086c90f416
Taubenberger, S.
7c7ff23b-6c8b-4f52-a89b-a340ac24edd2
Inserra, C.
9e72801e-03a2-4641-8f20-5686367e32e1
Frohmaier, C.
0888fc8a-7dd0-4096-bd7f-bd3a2d192f19
Chen, T.W.
cd4e7352-c7f5-4078-8750-869a6952fd3c
Anderson, J.P.
faa7ac9d-8c3e-4ca9-b459-22ddc9fd8ba3
Ashall, C.
dd74bf34-cf2c-45e0-bc93-ff1f5d16145c
Clark, P.
90312c5a-0178-4780-a13a-df8dcdcc6369
Fraser, M.
64dbf9c2-f24f-4a5a-b5a7-88dac79047a1
Galbany, L.
00c01d75-7cd2-4583-894b-0d64cc95674d
Gal-Yam, A.
6ad43746-9f2d-4169-9910-b9d6e78951c8
Gromadzki, M.
8cdd0862-0f84-4b90-b36e-21c97352bb9c
Gutierrez Avendano, Claudia Patricia
14464da3-b453-4980-bff2-b22afa4b4366
James, P.A.
48639959-045f-4e55-a372-725c779da809
Jonker, P.G.
d339296c-deeb-433c-9230-f818694cc049
Kankare, E.
2b029775-425a-47bd-bab1-73980cbb73d5
Leloudas, G.
dd59f747-9457-4f0f-88c6-78826ad62d1b
Magee, M.R.
ed9dd018-7341-49f9-922f-91a1a8690275
Mazzali, P.A.
961cd49e-956e-48f8-b8be-bcc4abb90eb6
Nicholl, M.
207b5a5a-3ac2-487d-96a7-4516eaa6cfdf
Pursiainen, M.
8d084c90-8bee-4fe3-a41b-b1aee050bb8a
Skillen, K.
c60f18ec-b94f-4b3b-9a3c-13da555d642f
Smartt, S. J.
148257f7-efab-459e-b932-228db4e2b1d0
Smith, K.W.
a9e7e2c7-b6dc-40ce-be3c-54aa8f1a7a36
Vogl, C.
e3afdaf6-ae0d-46da-b0dc-a9f3b85ddff8
Young, D.R.
e3717833-be4d-43f6-9fe1-7fc849ef9f6f

Prentice, S. J., Maguire, K., Flörs, A., Taubenberger, S., Inserra, C., Frohmaier, C., Chen, T.W., Anderson, J.P., Ashall, C., Clark, P., Fraser, M., Galbany, L., Gal-Yam, A., Gromadzki, M., Gutierrez Avendano, Claudia Patricia, James, P.A., Jonker, P.G., Kankare, E., Leloudas, G., Magee, M.R., Mazzali, P.A., Nicholl, M., Pursiainen, M., Skillen, K., Smartt, S. J., Smith, K.W., Vogl, C. and Young, D.R. (2020) The rise and fall of an extraordinary Ca-rich transient: The discovery of ATLAS19dqr/SN 2019bkc. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 635, [A186]. (doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936515).

Record type: Article

Abstract

This work presents the observations and analysis of ATLAS19dqr/SN 2019bkc, an extraordinary rapidly evolving transient event located in an isolated environment, tens of kiloparsecs from any likely host. Its light curves rise to maximum light in 5−6 d and then display a decline of Δm15 ∼ 5 mag. With such a pronounced decay, it has one of the most rapidly evolving light curves known for a stellar explosion. The early spectra show similarities to normal and “ultra-stripped” type Ic SNe, but the early nebular phase spectra, which were reached just over two weeks after explosion, display prominent calcium lines, marking SN 2019bkc as a Ca-rich transient. The Ca emission lines at this phase show an unprecedented and unexplained blueshift of 10 000–12 000 km s−1. Modelling of the light curve and the early spectra suggests that the transient had a low ejecta mass of 0.2−0.4 M⊙ and a low kinetic energy of (2−4) × 1050 erg, giving a specific kinetic energy Ek/Mej ∼ 1 [1051 erg]/M⊙. The origin of this event cannot be unambiguously defined. While the abundance distribution used to model the spectra marginally favours a progenitor of white dwarf origin through the tentative identification of Ar II, the specific kinetic energy, which is defined by the explosion mechanism, is found to be more similar to an ultra-stripped core-collapse events. SN 2019bkc adds to the diverse range of physical properties shown by Ca-rich events.

Text
The rise and fall of an extraordinary Ca-rich transient The discovery of ATLAS19dqr SN 2019bkc - Accepted Manuscript
Download (2MB)

More information

Accepted/In Press date: 18 February 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 1 April 2020
Published date: 1 April 2020
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © ESO 2020.
Keywords: Supernovae: individual: SN 2019bkc

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 439716
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/439716
ISSN: 0004-6361
PURE UUID: 7de84bb4-1589-4765-b0f8-2f5998cc537e

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 30 Apr 2020 16:31
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 07:40

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: S. J. Prentice
Author: K. Maguire
Author: A. Flörs
Author: S. Taubenberger
Author: C. Inserra
Author: C. Frohmaier
Author: T.W. Chen
Author: J.P. Anderson
Author: C. Ashall
Author: P. Clark
Author: M. Fraser
Author: L. Galbany
Author: A. Gal-Yam
Author: M. Gromadzki
Author: Claudia Patricia Gutierrez Avendano
Author: P.A. James
Author: P.G. Jonker
Author: E. Kankare
Author: G. Leloudas
Author: M.R. Magee
Author: P.A. Mazzali
Author: M. Nicholl
Author: M. Pursiainen
Author: K. Skillen
Author: S. J. Smartt
Author: K.W. Smith
Author: C. Vogl
Author: D.R. Young

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×