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The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol significantly alters the function and metabolism of bovine kidney epithelial cells in vitro

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol significantly alters the function and metabolism of bovine kidney epithelial cells in vitro
The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol significantly alters the function and metabolism of bovine kidney epithelial cells in vitro

Bovine mycotoxicosis is a disorder caused by the ingestion of fungal toxins. It is associated with chronic signs, such as reduced growth rate and milk yield, and causes significant economic cost to the dairy industry. The mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are commonly found in grain fed to cattle. Patulin (PA) is a common grass silage contaminant but is also found in grain. The effects of these mycotoxins on cellular function at low concentrations are not well understood. Using Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells we evaluated the cellular response to these mycotoxins, measuring cytotoxicity, de novo protein synthesis, cell proliferation, cell cycle analysis, and also metabolic profiling by 1H NMR spectroscopy. DON, ZEN, and PA induced cytotoxicity, and PA and FB1 induced a decrease in metabolic activity in surviving cells. DON was the only mycotoxin found to have a significant effect on the metabolic profile, with exposed cells showing increased cellular amino acids, lactate, 2-oxoglutarate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and decreased β-alanine, choline, creatine, taurine, and myo-inositol. Cells exposed to DON also showed reductions in protein synthesis. DON has previously been documented as being a ribotoxin; the results here suggest that exposure of bovine cells to DON causes a decrease in protein synthesis with corresponding cellular accumulation of precursors. Cell proliferation was also arrested without causing apoptosis. It is likely that exposure triggers hypoxic, hypertonic, and ribotoxic responses in bovine cells, and that these responses contribute to reduced productivity in exposed cattle.

2072-6651
1-13
Bailey, Jennifer R.
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Breton, Jonathan
38205334-7c1f-4a45-aef9-f7fb17ad571d
Panic, Gordana
e78534c3-1e89-4161-9128-45518d4279de
Cogan, Tristan A.
a483f657-92b0-481f-adcf-e4723b3caa30
Bailey, Michael
df2f8f9f-cc1e-4e45-80e7-f174fb8de3a1
Swann, Jonathan R.
7c11a66b-f4b8-4dbf-aa17-ad8b0561b85c
Lee, Michael R.F.
946b5c54-1b89-4c81-a440-81b12ae0212b
Bailey, Jennifer R.
38d9bd25-8f28-4759-886e-22a4206eaaef
Breton, Jonathan
38205334-7c1f-4a45-aef9-f7fb17ad571d
Panic, Gordana
e78534c3-1e89-4161-9128-45518d4279de
Cogan, Tristan A.
a483f657-92b0-481f-adcf-e4723b3caa30
Bailey, Michael
df2f8f9f-cc1e-4e45-80e7-f174fb8de3a1
Swann, Jonathan R.
7c11a66b-f4b8-4dbf-aa17-ad8b0561b85c
Lee, Michael R.F.
946b5c54-1b89-4c81-a440-81b12ae0212b

Bailey, Jennifer R., Breton, Jonathan, Panic, Gordana, Cogan, Tristan A., Bailey, Michael, Swann, Jonathan R. and Lee, Michael R.F. (2019) The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol significantly alters the function and metabolism of bovine kidney epithelial cells in vitro. Toxins, 11 (10), 1-13. (doi:10.3390/toxins11100554).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Bovine mycotoxicosis is a disorder caused by the ingestion of fungal toxins. It is associated with chronic signs, such as reduced growth rate and milk yield, and causes significant economic cost to the dairy industry. The mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are commonly found in grain fed to cattle. Patulin (PA) is a common grass silage contaminant but is also found in grain. The effects of these mycotoxins on cellular function at low concentrations are not well understood. Using Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells we evaluated the cellular response to these mycotoxins, measuring cytotoxicity, de novo protein synthesis, cell proliferation, cell cycle analysis, and also metabolic profiling by 1H NMR spectroscopy. DON, ZEN, and PA induced cytotoxicity, and PA and FB1 induced a decrease in metabolic activity in surviving cells. DON was the only mycotoxin found to have a significant effect on the metabolic profile, with exposed cells showing increased cellular amino acids, lactate, 2-oxoglutarate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and decreased β-alanine, choline, creatine, taurine, and myo-inositol. Cells exposed to DON also showed reductions in protein synthesis. DON has previously been documented as being a ribotoxin; the results here suggest that exposure of bovine cells to DON causes a decrease in protein synthesis with corresponding cellular accumulation of precursors. Cell proliferation was also arrested without causing apoptosis. It is likely that exposure triggers hypoxic, hypertonic, and ribotoxic responses in bovine cells, and that these responses contribute to reduced productivity in exposed cattle.

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Accepted/In Press date: 12 September 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 20 September 2019
Published date: October 2019

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 440702
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/440702
ISSN: 2072-6651
PURE UUID: ebbfb035-a922-4737-9bd5-7d07185eacb8
ORCID for Jonathan R. Swann: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6485-4529

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Date deposited: 13 May 2020 17:06
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 04:00

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Contributors

Author: Jennifer R. Bailey
Author: Jonathan Breton
Author: Gordana Panic
Author: Tristan A. Cogan
Author: Michael Bailey
Author: Michael R.F. Lee

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