Isotype switching converts anti-CD40 antagonism to agonism to elicit potent antitumor activity
Isotype switching converts anti-CD40 antagonism to agonism to elicit potent antitumor activity
Anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) comprise agonists and antagonists, which display promising therapeutic activities in cancer and autoimmunity, respectively. We previously showed that epitope and isotype interact to deliver optimal agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs. The impact of Fc engineering on antagonists, however, remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that clinically relevant antagonists used for treating autoimmune conditions can be converted into potent FcγR-independent agonists with remarkable antitumor activity by isotype switching to hIgG2. One antagonist is converted to a super-agonist with greater potency than previously reported highly agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs. Such conversion is dependent on the unique disulfide bonding properties of the hIgG2 hinge. This investigation highlights the transformative capacity of the hIgG2 isotype for converting antagonists to agonists to treat cancer.
CD40, Fc engineering, TNF receptor, agonists, antagonists, antibody, hIgG2, immunostimulatory, immunotherapy, structure function
850-866.e7
Yu, Xiaojie
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Chan, H. T.Claude
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Fisher, Hayden
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Penfold, Christine A.
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Kim, Jinny
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Inzhelevskaya, Tatyana
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Mockridge, C. Ian
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French, Ruth R.
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Duriez, Patrick J.
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Douglas, Leon R.
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English, Vikki
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Verbeek, J. Sjef
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White, Ann L.
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Tews, Ivo
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Glennie, Martin J.
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Cragg, Mark S.
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8 June 2020
Yu, Xiaojie
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Chan, H. T.Claude
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Fisher, Hayden
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Penfold, Christine A.
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Kim, Jinny
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Inzhelevskaya, Tatyana
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Mockridge, C. Ian
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French, Ruth R.
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Duriez, Patrick J.
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Douglas, Leon R.
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English, Vikki
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Verbeek, J. Sjef
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White, Ann L.
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Tews, Ivo
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Glennie, Martin J.
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Cragg, Mark S.
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Yu, Xiaojie, Chan, H. T.Claude, Fisher, Hayden, Penfold, Christine A., Kim, Jinny, Inzhelevskaya, Tatyana, Mockridge, C. Ian, French, Ruth R., Duriez, Patrick J., Douglas, Leon R., English, Vikki, Verbeek, J. Sjef, White, Ann L., Tews, Ivo, Glennie, Martin J. and Cragg, Mark S.
(2020)
Isotype switching converts anti-CD40 antagonism to agonism to elicit potent antitumor activity.
Cancer Cell, 37 (6), .
(doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.04.013).
Abstract
Anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) comprise agonists and antagonists, which display promising therapeutic activities in cancer and autoimmunity, respectively. We previously showed that epitope and isotype interact to deliver optimal agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs. The impact of Fc engineering on antagonists, however, remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that clinically relevant antagonists used for treating autoimmune conditions can be converted into potent FcγR-independent agonists with remarkable antitumor activity by isotype switching to hIgG2. One antagonist is converted to a super-agonist with greater potency than previously reported highly agonistic anti-CD40 mAbs. Such conversion is dependent on the unique disulfide bonding properties of the hIgG2 hinge. This investigation highlights the transformative capacity of the hIgG2 isotype for converting antagonists to agonists to treat cancer.
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CANCER-CELL-D-19-00994_R5authorsubmitted
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Accepted/In Press date: 21 April 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 May 2020
Published date: 8 June 2020
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
We thank the members of the Antibody and Vaccine group for useful discussions and the preclinical unit staff for animal husbandry. We thank Diamond Light Source for beam time on B21 (ref. SM21035-186) and to Nikul Khunti for his support. We thank David Johnston from the Biomedical Imaging Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, for assistance with Confocal. Funding was provided by Cancer Research UK grants A10834 , A20537 , A18087 , A25139 , and A25169 , as well as European Union FP7 grant 602262-2 .
Funding Information:
M.S.C. acts as a consultant for a number of biotech companies, being retained as a consultant for BioInvent and has received research funding from BioInvent, GSK, UCB, iTeos, and Roche. M.J.G. acts as a consultant to a number of biotech companies and receives institutional payments and royalties from antibody patents and licenses. This work is related to patent Family WO 2015/145360 protecting antibodies containing modified hIgG2 domains which elicit agonist or antagonistic properties.
Funding Information:
We thank the members of the Antibody and Vaccine group for useful discussions and the preclinical unit staff for animal husbandry. We thank Diamond Light Source for beam time on B21 (ref. SM21035-186) and to Nikul Khunti for his support. We thank David Johnston from the Biomedical Imaging Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK, for assistance with Confocal. Funding was provided by Cancer Research UK grants A10834, A20537, A18087, A25139, and A25169, as well as European Union FP7 grant 602262-2. X.Y. designed and performed the experiments, analyzed and interpreted data, and wrote the manuscript. H.T.C.C. C.A.P. J.K. H.F. T.I. C.I.M. R.R.F. P.J.D. L.R.D. V.E. J.S.V. A.L.W. and I.T. generated or provided key reagents or performed and analyzed the research. M.J.G. designed the study, supervised data collection, discussed and interpreted data, and edited the manuscript. M.S.C. designed the study, supervised data collection, discussed and interpreted data, and wrote the manuscript with X.Y. M.J.G. and M.S.C. were co-senior authors on the study. M.S.C. acts as a consultant for a number of biotech companies, being retained as a consultant for BioInvent and has received research funding from BioInvent, GSK, UCB, iTeos, and Roche. M.J.G. acts as a consultant to a number of biotech companies and receives institutional payments and royalties from antibody patents and licenses. This work is related to patent Family WO 2015/145360 protecting antibodies containing modified hIgG2 domains which elicit agonist or antagonistic properties.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
Keywords:
CD40, Fc engineering, TNF receptor, agonists, antagonists, antibody, hIgG2, immunostimulatory, immunotherapy, structure function
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 441073
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/441073
ISSN: 1535-6108
PURE UUID: a1a6131d-41d0-478f-a9c6-5843adb58b96
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Date deposited: 29 May 2020 16:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 05:31
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Contributors
Author:
Xiaojie Yu
Author:
H. T.Claude Chan
Author:
Hayden Fisher
Author:
Christine A. Penfold
Author:
Jinny Kim
Author:
Tatyana Inzhelevskaya
Author:
C. Ian Mockridge
Author:
Ruth R. French
Author:
Patrick J. Duriez
Author:
Leon R. Douglas
Author:
Vikki English
Author:
J. Sjef Verbeek
Author:
Ann L. White
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