Secure hybrid A/D beamforming for hardware-efficient large-scale multiple-antenna SWIPT systems

In this work, we investigate the problem of secure communications in a downlink large-scale multi-antenna assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system, where a base station (BS) transmits signals to serve a number of information decoding (ID) and energy harvesting (EH) users. Considering that the EH users can potentially eavesdrop the ID users’ confidential information, we study the robust joint design of the hybrid analog-digital (A/D) beamforming (BF) matrices and of the artificial redundant signal (ARS) covariance matrix at the BS, where the aim is to maximize the worst-case sum secrecy rate for the ID users under a transmit power constraint, a nonlinear EH constraint and a unit-modulus constraint on the entries of the analog BF matrix. The corresponding optimization problem is very challenging due to the nonlinear and nonconvex objective function and constraints. Using innovative optimization techniques, we first transform the original problem into an equivalent but more tractable form, and then develop a novel joint iterative algorithm based on the penalty-concave-convex procedure (CCCP) for solving the resultant problem. We show that the proposed penalty-CCCP based algorithm for ARS-aided robust joint hybrid BF design converges to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker solution of the original problem, and also analyze its computational complexity. Our simulation results verify that the resultant robust joint hybrid BF design algorithm relying on ARS significantly outperforms the conventional hybrid BF benchmark algorithms and efficiently achieves the performance of the fully-digital BF with reduced number of radio frequency chains and energy consumption.

Robust hybrid A/D beamforming, energy harvesting, joint optimization, large-scale multiple-antenna, secure communications

10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3006913

0090-6778

6141-6156

Cai, Yunlong

ed1440c3-10af-4b6c-9295-4b355d409a16

Cui, Fangyu

61932969-0c1d-47fc-b8df-80d0f9baa5cd

Shi, Qingjiang

b7a4b79b-d00c-444e-90c7-7569e9d83a28

Wu, Yongpeng

93de8f86-e9af-4a90-9306-4838183e57af

Champagne, Benoit

34637814-cef4-4177-b5fd-d748742be072

Hanzo, Lajos

66e7266f-3066-4fc0-8391-e000acce71a1

October 2020

Cai, Yunlong

ed1440c3-10af-4b6c-9295-4b355d409a16

Cui, Fangyu

61932969-0c1d-47fc-b8df-80d0f9baa5cd

Shi, Qingjiang

b7a4b79b-d00c-444e-90c7-7569e9d83a28

Wu, Yongpeng

93de8f86-e9af-4a90-9306-4838183e57af

Champagne, Benoit

34637814-cef4-4177-b5fd-d748742be072

Hanzo, Lajos

66e7266f-3066-4fc0-8391-e000acce71a1

Cai, Yunlong, Cui, Fangyu, Shi, Qingjiang, Wu, Yongpeng, Champagne, Benoit and Hanzo, Lajos (2020) Secure hybrid A/D beamforming for hardware-efficient large-scale multiple-antenna SWIPT systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 68 (10), 6141-6156, [9133207]. (doi:10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3006913).

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Accepted/In Press date: 28 June 2020

e-pub ahead of print date: 3 July 2020

Published date: October 2020

Additional Information: Funding Information: Manuscript received February 8, 2020; revised May 27, 2020; accepted June 28, 2020. Date of publication July 3, 2020; date of current version October 16, 2020. The work of Y. Cai was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61831004 and 61971376, the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant LR19F010002, and the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety (Contract No. RCS2020K010), Beijing Jiaotong University. The work of Q. Shi was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Project under grant 2017YFE0119300, and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61671411, 61731018 and U1709219. The work of Y. Wu is supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2018YFB1801102, JiangXi Key R&D Program under Grant 20181ACE50028, National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61701301, Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST, and the open research project of State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks (Xidian University) under Grant ISN20-03. L. Hanzo would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council projects EP/N004558/1, EP/P034284/1, EP/P034284/1, EP/P003990/1 (COALESCE), of the Royal Society’s Global Challenges Research Fund Grant as well as of the European Research Council’s Advanced Fellow Grant QuantCom. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was R. Zhang. (Corresponding author: Qingjiang Shi.) Yunlong Cai is with the Department of ISEE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, and also with the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China (e-mail: ylcai521@gmail.com). Publisher Copyright: © 1972-2012 IEEE.

Keywords: Robust hybrid A/D beamforming, energy harvesting, joint optimization, large-scale multiple-antenna, secure communications

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