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Low-frequency observations of the giant radio galaxy NGC 6251

Low-frequency observations of the giant radio galaxy NGC 6251
Low-frequency observations of the giant radio galaxy NGC 6251

We present LOFAR observations at 150 MHz of the borderline FRI/FRII giant radio galaxy NGC 6251. This paper presents the most sensitive and highest resolution images of NGC 6251 at these frequencies to date, revealing for the first time a low-surface-brightness extension to the northern lobe, and a possible backflow associated with the southern lobe. The integrated spectra of components of NGC 6251 are consistent with previous measurements at higher frequencies, similar to results from other LOFAR studies of nearby radio galaxies. We find the outer structures of NGC 6251 to be either at equipartition or slightly electron dominated, similar to those of FRII sources rather than FRIs, but this conclusion remains tentative because of uncertainties associated with the geometry and the extrapolation of X-ray measurements to determine the external pressure distribution on the scale of the outer lobes. We place lower limits on the ages of the extension of the northern lobe and the backflow of the southern lobe of t ≳ 250 Myr and t ≳ 210 Myr, respectively. We present the first detection of polarization at 150 MHz in NGC 6251. Taking advantage of the high Faraday resolution of LOFAR, we place an upper limit on the magnetic field in the group of B < 0.2 (∧ B/10 kpc) −0.5 μG for a coherence scale of ∧ B < 60 kpc and B < 13 μG for∧ B = 240 kpc.

Galaxies: active, Polarization, Radio continuum: galaxies
1365-2966
143–159
Cantwell, T.M.
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Bray, J.D.
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Croston, J.H.
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Scaife, A.M.M.
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Mulcahy, D.D.
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Best, P.N.
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Brüggen, M.
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Brunetti, G.
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Callingham, J.R.
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Clarke, A.O.
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Hardcastle, M.J.
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Harwood, J.J.
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Heald, G.
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Heesen, V.
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Iacobelli, M.
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Jamrozy, M.
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Morganti, R.
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Orrú, E.
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O’sullivan, S.P.
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Riseley, C.J.
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Röttgering, H.J.A.
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Shulevski, A.
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Sridhar, S.S.
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Tasse, C.
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Van Eck, C.L.
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Cantwell, T.M.
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Bray, J.D.
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Croston, J.H.
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Scaife, A.M.M.
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Mulcahy, D.D.
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Best, P.N.
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Brüggen, M.
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Brunetti, G.
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Callingham, J.R.
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Clarke, A.O.
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Hardcastle, M.J.
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Harwood, J.J.
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Heald, G.
12b841c9-c9d3-4bd7-9a69-dbf4c08294ad
Heesen, V.
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Iacobelli, M.
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Jamrozy, M.
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Morganti, R.
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Orrú, E.
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O’sullivan, S.P.
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Riseley, C.J.
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Röttgering, H.J.A.
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Shulevski, A.
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Sridhar, S.S.
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Tasse, C.
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Van Eck, C.L.
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Cantwell, T.M., Bray, J.D., Croston, J.H., Scaife, A.M.M., Mulcahy, D.D., Best, P.N., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Callingham, J.R., Clarke, A.O., Hardcastle, M.J., Harwood, J.J., Heald, G., Heesen, V., Iacobelli, M., Jamrozy, M., Morganti, R., Orrú, E., O’sullivan, S.P., Riseley, C.J., Röttgering, H.J.A., Shulevski, A., Sridhar, S.S., Tasse, C. and Van Eck, C.L. (2020) Low-frequency observations of the giant radio galaxy NGC 6251. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 495 (1), 143–159. (doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1160).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We present LOFAR observations at 150 MHz of the borderline FRI/FRII giant radio galaxy NGC 6251. This paper presents the most sensitive and highest resolution images of NGC 6251 at these frequencies to date, revealing for the first time a low-surface-brightness extension to the northern lobe, and a possible backflow associated with the southern lobe. The integrated spectra of components of NGC 6251 are consistent with previous measurements at higher frequencies, similar to results from other LOFAR studies of nearby radio galaxies. We find the outer structures of NGC 6251 to be either at equipartition or slightly electron dominated, similar to those of FRII sources rather than FRIs, but this conclusion remains tentative because of uncertainties associated with the geometry and the extrapolation of X-ray measurements to determine the external pressure distribution on the scale of the outer lobes. We place lower limits on the ages of the extension of the northern lobe and the backflow of the southern lobe of t ≳ 250 Myr and t ≳ 210 Myr, respectively. We present the first detection of polarization at 150 MHz in NGC 6251. Taking advantage of the high Faraday resolution of LOFAR, we place an upper limit on the magnetic field in the group of B < 0.2 (∧ B/10 kpc) −0.5 μG for a coherence scale of ∧ B < 60 kpc and B < 13 μG for∧ B = 240 kpc.

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2004.11104 - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 21 April 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 4 May 2020
Published date: 1 June 2020
Additional Information: Funding Information: JHC acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) under grants ST/M001326/1 and ST/R00109X/1. We would like to thank Karl-Heinz Mack for providing fits images for the previously published WSRT and Effelsberg maps. AMMS, JDB, and TMC gratefully acknowledge support from the European Research Council under grant ERC-2012-StG-307215 LODESTONE. RM gratefully acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the European Union?s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007?2013)/ERC Advanced Grant RADIOLIFE-320745. PNB is grateful for support from the UK STFC via grant no. ST/M001229/1. MJH acknowledges support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/M001008/1). This research made use of ASTROPY,8 a community-developed core PYTHON package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013; Price-Whelan et al. 2018). Finally, we would like to thank R.A. Laing for extensive and helpful comments on the structure and content of this manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s).
Keywords: Galaxies: active, Polarization, Radio continuum: galaxies

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 442216
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/442216
ISSN: 1365-2966
PURE UUID: 3d283ebc-e85c-4e3b-8132-83a91e44b4a7

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Date deposited: 09 Jul 2020 16:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 08:30

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Contributors

Author: T.M. Cantwell
Author: J.D. Bray
Author: J.H. Croston
Author: A.M.M. Scaife
Author: D.D. Mulcahy
Author: P.N. Best
Author: M. Brüggen
Author: G. Brunetti
Author: J.R. Callingham
Author: A.O. Clarke
Author: M.J. Hardcastle
Author: J.J. Harwood
Author: G. Heald
Author: V. Heesen
Author: M. Iacobelli
Author: M. Jamrozy
Author: R. Morganti
Author: E. Orrú
Author: S.P. O’sullivan
Author: C.J. Riseley
Author: H.J.A. Röttgering
Author: A. Shulevski
Author: S.S. Sridhar
Author: C. Tasse
Author: C.L. Van Eck

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