Population estimates, consequences, and risk factors of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women in India: Results from a national survey and policy recommendations
Population estimates, consequences, and risk factors of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women in India: Results from a national survey and policy recommendations
Objective
To examine prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of maternal obesity; and provide evidence on current policies and programs to manage maternal obesity in India.
Methods
This is a mixed‐methods study. We analyzed the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)‐4 data (2015–16) to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of obesity, followed by a desk review of literature and stakeholder mapping with interviews to develop policy guidance.
Results
National prevalence of obesity (defined by WHO as body mass index ≥25) was comparable among pregnant (12%) and postpartum women (13%) ≥20 years of age. A high prevalence of obesity (>40%) was observed in over 30 districts in multiple states. Older maternal age, urban residence, increasing wealth quintile, and secondary education were associated with increased odds of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women; higher education increased odds among postpartum women only (OR 1.90; 95% CI, 1.44–2.52). Dietary variables were not associated with obesity. Several implementation challenges across healthcare system blocks were observed at policy level.
Conclusion
Overall prevalence of obesity in India during and after pregnancy is high, with huge variation across districts. Policy and programs must be state‐specific focusing on prevention, screening, and management of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women.
India, Obesity, Policy, Postpartum, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk factors of obesity
57-67
Chopra, Mansi
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Kaur, Naman
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Singh, Konsam Dinachandra
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Jacob, Chandni Maria
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Divakar, Hema
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Babu, Giridhara R.
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Nguyen, Phuong Hong
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Bhanot, Arti
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Sabharwal, Manisha
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Deb, Sila
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Baswal, Dinesh
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Killeen, Sarah Louise
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McAuliffe, Fionnuala M.
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Hanson, Mark
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Sethi, Vani
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September 2020
Chopra, Mansi
7507494b-d006-4ed4-9a83-5546273e9b0b
Kaur, Naman
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Singh, Konsam Dinachandra
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Jacob, Chandni Maria
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Divakar, Hema
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Babu, Giridhara R.
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Nguyen, Phuong Hong
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Bhanot, Arti
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Sabharwal, Manisha
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Deb, Sila
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Baswal, Dinesh
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Killeen, Sarah Louise
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McAuliffe, Fionnuala M.
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Hanson, Mark
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Sethi, Vani
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Chopra, Mansi, Kaur, Naman, Singh, Konsam Dinachandra, Jacob, Chandni Maria, Divakar, Hema, Babu, Giridhara R., Nguyen, Phuong Hong, Bhanot, Arti, Sabharwal, Manisha, Deb, Sila, Baswal, Dinesh, Killeen, Sarah Louise, McAuliffe, Fionnuala M., Hanson, Mark and Sethi, Vani
(2020)
Population estimates, consequences, and risk factors of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women in India: Results from a national survey and policy recommendations.
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 151 (S1), .
(doi:10.1002/ijgo.13319).
Abstract
Objective
To examine prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of maternal obesity; and provide evidence on current policies and programs to manage maternal obesity in India.
Methods
This is a mixed‐methods study. We analyzed the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)‐4 data (2015–16) to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of obesity, followed by a desk review of literature and stakeholder mapping with interviews to develop policy guidance.
Results
National prevalence of obesity (defined by WHO as body mass index ≥25) was comparable among pregnant (12%) and postpartum women (13%) ≥20 years of age. A high prevalence of obesity (>40%) was observed in over 30 districts in multiple states. Older maternal age, urban residence, increasing wealth quintile, and secondary education were associated with increased odds of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women; higher education increased odds among postpartum women only (OR 1.90; 95% CI, 1.44–2.52). Dietary variables were not associated with obesity. Several implementation challenges across healthcare system blocks were observed at policy level.
Conclusion
Overall prevalence of obesity in India during and after pregnancy is high, with huge variation across districts. Policy and programs must be state‐specific focusing on prevention, screening, and management of obesity among pregnant and postpartum women.
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 29 June 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 7 September 2020
Published date: September 2020
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
UNICEF. The research reported in this publication was developed from the working paper submitted to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, and funded by the United Nations Children?s Fund (UNICEF), New Delhi, India.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Keywords:
India, Obesity, Policy, Postpartum, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk factors of obesity
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 443908
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/443908
ISSN: 1879-3479
PURE UUID: c01d2696-7d33-4f55-b9be-8a8fe9293860
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 16 Sep 2020 16:34
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:44
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Contributors
Author:
Mansi Chopra
Author:
Naman Kaur
Author:
Konsam Dinachandra Singh
Author:
Hema Divakar
Author:
Giridhara R. Babu
Author:
Phuong Hong Nguyen
Author:
Arti Bhanot
Author:
Manisha Sabharwal
Author:
Sila Deb
Author:
Dinesh Baswal
Author:
Sarah Louise Killeen
Author:
Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Author:
Vani Sethi
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