Integration and testing of a three-axis accelerometer in a woven e-textile sleeve for wearable movement monitoring

Abstract

This paper presents a method to integrate and package an accelerometer within a textile to create an electronic textile (e-textile). The smallest commercially available accelerometer sensor (2 mm x 2 mm x 0.95 mm) is used in the e-textile and is fully integrated within the weave structure of the fabric itself rendering it invisible to the wearer. The e-textile forms the basis of a wearable woven sleeve which is applied to arm and knee joint bending angle measurement. Flexibility, unobtrusiveness and comfort are the key advantages of the realized integrated e-textile sensor. The integrated e-textile based accelerometer sensor system is used to identify activity type, such as walking or running, and count the total number of steps taken. Performance was verified by comparing measurements of specific elbow joint angles over the range of 0° to 180° with those obtained from a commercial bending sensor from Bend Labs and from a custom-built goniometer. The joint bending angles, measured by all 3 sensors, show good agreement with an error of less than ~1% of reading which provides a high degree of confidence in the e-textile sensor system. Subsequently, knee joint angles were measured experimentally on 3 subjects with each being tested 3 times on each of 3 activities (walking, running, climbing stairs). This allowed the minimum and maximum knee joint angles for each activity to be determined. This data is then used to identify activity type and perform step counting.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Russel Torah: orcid.org/0000-0002-5598-2860

ORCID for Stephen Beeby: orcid.org/0000-0002-0800-1759

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