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Transfer learning efficiently maps bone marrow cell types from mouse to human using single-cell RNA sequencing

Transfer learning efficiently maps bone marrow cell types from mouse to human using single-cell RNA sequencing
Transfer learning efficiently maps bone marrow cell types from mouse to human using single-cell RNA sequencing
Biomedical research often involves conducting experiments on model organisms in the anticipation that the biology learnt will transfer to humans. Previous comparative studies of mouse and human tissues were limited by the use of bulk-cell material. Here we show that transfer learning—the branch of machine learning that concerns passing information from one domain to another—can be used to efficiently map bone marrow biology between species, using data obtained from single-cell RNA sequencing. We first trained a multiclass logistic regression model to recognize different cell types in mouse bone marrow achieving equivalent performance to more complex artificial neural networks. Furthermore, it was able to identify individual human bone marrow cells with 83% overall accuracy. However, some human cell types were not easily identified, indicating important differences in biology. When re-training the mouse classifier using data from human, less than 10 human cells of a given type were needed to accurately learn its representation. In some cases, human cell identities could be inferred directly from the mouse classifier via zero-shot learning. These results show how simple machine learning models can be used to reconstruct complex biology from limited data, with broad implications for biomedical research.
2399-3642
Stumpf, Patrick Simon
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Du, Xin
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Imanishi, Haruka
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Kunisaki, Yuya
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Semba, Yuichiro
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Noble, Timothy
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Smith, Rosanna
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Rose-Zerilli, Matthew
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West, Jonathan
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Oreffo, Richard
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Farrahi, Katayoun
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Niranjan, Mahesan
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Akashi, Koichi
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Arai, Fumio
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Macarthur, Benjamin
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Stumpf, Patrick Simon
3aa7f861-0629-4a6c-a7be-3afd99e11314
Du, Xin
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Imanishi, Haruka
2e00ec02-0937-4cad-8bde-7302ec0b982e
Kunisaki, Yuya
c9875902-7b58-4017-93fe-b5814c1aae96
Semba, Yuichiro
55f97152-ff8b-47de-893f-80bf7d7dfc33
Noble, Timothy
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Smith, Rosanna
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Rose-Zerilli, Matthew
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West, Jonathan
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Oreffo, Richard
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Farrahi, Katayoun
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Niranjan, Mahesan
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Akashi, Koichi
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Arai, Fumio
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Macarthur, Benjamin
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Stumpf, Patrick Simon, Du, Xin, Imanishi, Haruka, Kunisaki, Yuya, Semba, Yuichiro, Noble, Timothy, Smith, Rosanna, Rose-Zerilli, Matthew, West, Jonathan, Oreffo, Richard, Farrahi, Katayoun, Niranjan, Mahesan, Akashi, Koichi, Arai, Fumio and Macarthur, Benjamin (2020) Transfer learning efficiently maps bone marrow cell types from mouse to human using single-cell RNA sequencing. Communications Biology, 3 (1), [736]. (doi:10.1038/s42003-020-01463-6).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Biomedical research often involves conducting experiments on model organisms in the anticipation that the biology learnt will transfer to humans. Previous comparative studies of mouse and human tissues were limited by the use of bulk-cell material. Here we show that transfer learning—the branch of machine learning that concerns passing information from one domain to another—can be used to efficiently map bone marrow biology between species, using data obtained from single-cell RNA sequencing. We first trained a multiclass logistic regression model to recognize different cell types in mouse bone marrow achieving equivalent performance to more complex artificial neural networks. Furthermore, it was able to identify individual human bone marrow cells with 83% overall accuracy. However, some human cell types were not easily identified, indicating important differences in biology. When re-training the mouse classifier using data from human, less than 10 human cells of a given type were needed to accurately learn its representation. In some cases, human cell identities could be inferred directly from the mouse classifier via zero-shot learning. These results show how simple machine learning models can be used to reconstruct complex biology from limited data, with broad implications for biomedical research.

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Accepted/In Press date: 30 October 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 4 December 2020
Published date: 4 December 2020

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 445275
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/445275
ISSN: 2399-3642
PURE UUID: 8a8cf6c0-02fb-4627-a895-97f573ec41d2
ORCID for Jonathan West: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-6790
ORCID for Richard Oreffo: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-6726
ORCID for Katayoun Farrahi: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-6775-127X
ORCID for Mahesan Niranjan: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-7021-140X
ORCID for Benjamin Macarthur: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-9750

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Date deposited: 30 Nov 2020 17:31
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:47

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Contributors

Author: Patrick Simon Stumpf
Author: Xin Du
Author: Haruka Imanishi
Author: Yuya Kunisaki
Author: Yuichiro Semba
Author: Timothy Noble
Author: Rosanna Smith
Author: Matthew Rose-Zerilli
Author: Jonathan West ORCID iD
Author: Richard Oreffo ORCID iD
Author: Katayoun Farrahi ORCID iD
Author: Mahesan Niranjan ORCID iD
Author: Koichi Akashi
Author: Fumio Arai

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